]> git.openstreetmap.org Git - nominatim.git/blobdiff - nominatim/api/search/db_searches.py
avoid index use when filtering by layer
[nominatim.git] / nominatim / api / search / db_searches.py
index 76ff368f85b177ae8ad9dee579ec0bbc6de4e160..41434f062e1bcf26eb4fb6a7cf0f58020d887045 100644 (file)
@@ -7,22 +7,60 @@
 """
 Implementation of the acutal database accesses for forward search.
 """
-from typing import List, Tuple, AsyncIterator
+from typing import List, Tuple, AsyncIterator, Dict, Any, Callable
 import abc
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ARRAY, array_agg
 
 from nominatim.typing import SaFromClause, SaScalarSelect, SaColumn, \
-                             SaExpression, SaSelect, SaRow
+                             SaExpression, SaSelect, SaLambdaSelect, SaRow, SaBind
 from nominatim.api.connection import SearchConnection
 from nominatim.api.types import SearchDetails, DataLayer, GeometryFormat, Bbox
 import nominatim.api.results as nres
 from nominatim.api.search.db_search_fields import SearchData, WeightedCategories
+from nominatim.db.sqlalchemy_types import Geometry
 
 #pylint: disable=singleton-comparison,not-callable
 #pylint: disable=too-many-branches,too-many-arguments,too-many-locals,too-many-statements
 
+def no_index(expr: SaColumn) -> SaColumn:
+    """ Wrap the given expression, so that the query planner will
+        refrain from using the expression for index lookup.
+    """
+    return sa.func.coalesce(sa.null(), expr) # pylint: disable=not-callable
+
+
+def _details_to_bind_params(details: SearchDetails) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """ Create a dictionary from search parameters that can be used
+        as bind parameter for SQL execute.
+    """
+    return {'limit': details.max_results,
+            'min_rank': details.min_rank,
+            'max_rank': details.max_rank,
+            'viewbox': details.viewbox,
+            'viewbox2': details.viewbox_x2,
+            'near': details.near,
+            'near_radius': details.near_radius,
+            'excluded': details.excluded,
+            'countries': details.countries}
+
+
+LIMIT_PARAM: SaBind = sa.bindparam('limit')
+MIN_RANK_PARAM: SaBind = sa.bindparam('min_rank')
+MAX_RANK_PARAM: SaBind = sa.bindparam('max_rank')
+VIEWBOX_PARAM: SaBind = sa.bindparam('viewbox', type_=Geometry)
+VIEWBOX2_PARAM: SaBind = sa.bindparam('viewbox2', type_=Geometry)
+NEAR_PARAM: SaBind = sa.bindparam('near', type_=Geometry)
+NEAR_RADIUS_PARAM: SaBind = sa.bindparam('near_radius')
+COUNTRIES_PARAM: SaBind = sa.bindparam('countries')
+
+def _within_near(t: SaFromClause) -> Callable[[], SaExpression]:
+    return lambda: t.c.geometry.ST_DWithin(NEAR_PARAM, NEAR_RADIUS_PARAM)
+
+def _exclude_places(t: SaFromClause) -> Callable[[], SaExpression]:
+    return lambda: t.c.place_id.not_in(sa.bindparam('excluded'))
+
 def _select_placex(t: SaFromClause) -> SaSelect:
     return sa.select(t.c.place_id, t.c.osm_type, t.c.osm_id, t.c.name,
                      t.c.class_, t.c.type,
@@ -30,27 +68,25 @@ def _select_placex(t: SaFromClause) -> SaSelect:
                      t.c.housenumber, t.c.postcode, t.c.country_code,
                      t.c.importance, t.c.wikipedia,
                      t.c.parent_place_id, t.c.rank_address, t.c.rank_search,
+                     t.c.linked_place_id, t.c.admin_level,
                      t.c.centroid,
                      t.c.geometry.ST_Expand(0).label('bbox'))
 
 
-def _add_geometry_columns(sql: SaSelect, col: SaColumn, details: SearchDetails) -> SaSelect:
-    if not details.geometry_output:
-        return sql
-
+def _add_geometry_columns(sql: SaLambdaSelect, col: SaColumn, details: SearchDetails) -> SaSelect:
     out = []
 
     if details.geometry_simplification > 0.0:
-        col = col.ST_SimplifyPreserveTopology(details.geometry_simplification)
+        col = sa.func.ST_SimplifyPreserveTopology(col, details.geometry_simplification)
 
     if details.geometry_output & GeometryFormat.GEOJSON:
-        out.append(col.ST_AsGeoJSON().label('geometry_geojson'))
+        out.append(sa.func.ST_AsGeoJSON(col, 7).label('geometry_geojson'))
     if details.geometry_output & GeometryFormat.TEXT:
-        out.append(col.ST_AsText().label('geometry_text'))
+        out.append(sa.func.ST_AsText(col).label('geometry_text'))
     if details.geometry_output & GeometryFormat.KML:
-        out.append(col.ST_AsKML().label('geometry_kml'))
+        out.append(sa.func.ST_AsKML(col, 7).label('geometry_kml'))
     if details.geometry_output & GeometryFormat.SVG:
-        out.append(col.ST_AsSVG().label('geometry_svg'))
+        out.append(sa.func.ST_AsSVG(col, 0, 7).label('geometry_svg'))
 
     return sql.add_columns(*out)
 
@@ -70,7 +106,7 @@ def _make_interpolation_subquery(table: SaFromClause, inner: SaFromClause,
                   for n in numerals)))
 
     if details.excluded:
-        sql = sql.where(table.c.place_id.not_in(details.excluded))
+        sql = sql.where(_exclude_places(table))
 
     return sql.scalar_subquery()
 
@@ -78,14 +114,14 @@ def _make_interpolation_subquery(table: SaFromClause, inner: SaFromClause,
 def _filter_by_layer(table: SaFromClause, layers: DataLayer) -> SaColumn:
     orexpr: List[SaExpression] = []
     if layers & DataLayer.ADDRESS and layers & DataLayer.POI:
-        orexpr.append(table.c.rank_address.between(1, 30))
+        orexpr.append(no_index(table.c.rank_address).between(1, 30))
     elif layers & DataLayer.ADDRESS:
-        orexpr.append(table.c.rank_address.between(1, 29))
-        orexpr.append(sa.and_(table.c.rank_address == 30,
+        orexpr.append(no_index(table.c.rank_address).between(1, 29))
+        orexpr.append(sa.and_(no_index(table.c.rank_address) == 30,
                               sa.or_(table.c.housenumber != None,
-                                     table.c.address.has_key('housename'))))
+                                     table.c.address.has_key('addr:housename'))))
     elif layers & DataLayer.POI:
-        orexpr.append(sa.and_(table.c.rank_address == 30,
+        orexpr.append(sa.and_(no_index(table.c.rank_address) == 30,
                               table.c.class_.not_in(('place', 'building'))))
 
     if layers & DataLayer.MANMADE:
@@ -95,7 +131,7 @@ def _filter_by_layer(table: SaFromClause, layers: DataLayer) -> SaColumn:
         if not layers & DataLayer.NATURAL:
             exclude.extend(('natural', 'water', 'waterway'))
         orexpr.append(sa.and_(table.c.class_.not_in(tuple(exclude)),
-                              table.c.rank_address == 0))
+                              no_index(table.c.rank_address) == 0))
     else:
         include = []
         if layers & DataLayer.RAILWAY:
@@ -103,7 +139,7 @@ def _filter_by_layer(table: SaFromClause, layers: DataLayer) -> SaColumn:
         if layers & DataLayer.NATURAL:
             include.extend(('natural', 'water', 'waterway'))
         orexpr.append(sa.and_(table.c.class_.in_(tuple(include)),
-                              table.c.rank_address == 0))
+                              no_index(table.c.rank_address) == 0))
 
     if len(orexpr) == 1:
         return orexpr[0]
@@ -124,12 +160,13 @@ async def _get_placex_housenumbers(conn: SearchConnection,
     t = conn.t.placex
     sql = _select_placex(t).where(t.c.place_id.in_(place_ids))
 
-    sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, t.c.geometry, details)
+    if details.geometry_output:
+        sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, t.c.geometry, details)
 
     for row in await conn.execute(sql):
         result = nres.create_from_placex_row(row, nres.SearchResult)
         assert result
-        result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox.data)
+        result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox)
         yield result
 
 
@@ -242,7 +279,7 @@ class NearSearch(AbstractSearch):
         """
         table = await conn.get_class_table(*category)
 
-        t = conn.t.placex.alias('p')
+        t = conn.t.placex
         tgeom = conn.t.placex.alias('pgeom')
 
         sql = _select_placex(t).where(tgeom.c.place_id.in_(ids))\
@@ -258,29 +295,27 @@ class NearSearch(AbstractSearch):
             # radius for the lookup.
             sql = sql.join(table, t.c.place_id == table.c.place_id)\
                      .join(tgeom,
-                           sa.case((sa.and_(tgeom.c.rank_address < 9,
-                                            tgeom.c.geometry.ST_GeometryType().in_(
-                                                ('ST_Polygon', 'ST_MultiPolygon'))),
-                                    tgeom.c.geometry.ST_Contains(table.c.centroid)),
-                                   else_ = tgeom.c.centroid.ST_DWithin(table.c.centroid, 0.05)))\
+                           table.c.centroid.ST_CoveredBy(
+                               sa.case((sa.and_(tgeom.c.rank_address < 9,
+                                                tgeom.c.geometry.is_area()),
+                                        tgeom.c.geometry),
+                                       else_ = tgeom.c.centroid.ST_Expand(0.05))))\
                      .order_by(tgeom.c.centroid.ST_Distance(table.c.centroid))
 
+        sql = sql.where(no_index(t.c.rank_address).between(MIN_RANK_PARAM, MAX_RANK_PARAM))
         if details.countries:
-            sql = sql.where(t.c.country_code.in_(details.countries))
-        if details.min_rank > 0:
-            sql = sql.where(t.c.rank_address >= details.min_rank)
-        if details.max_rank < 30:
-            sql = sql.where(t.c.rank_address <= details.max_rank)
+            sql = sql.where(t.c.country_code.in_(COUNTRIES_PARAM))
         if details.excluded:
-            sql = sql.where(t.c.place_id.not_in(details.excluded))
+            sql = sql.where(_exclude_places(t))
         if details.layers is not None:
             sql = sql.where(_filter_by_layer(t, details.layers))
 
-        for row in await conn.execute(sql.limit(details.max_results)):
+        sql = sql.limit(LIMIT_PARAM)
+        for row in await conn.execute(sql, _details_to_bind_params(details)):
             result = nres.create_from_placex_row(row, nres.SearchResult)
             assert result
             result.accuracy = self.penalty + penalty
-            result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox.data)
+            result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox)
             results.append(result)
 
 
@@ -290,7 +325,7 @@ class PoiSearch(AbstractSearch):
     """
     def __init__(self, sdata: SearchData) -> None:
         super().__init__(sdata.penalty)
-        self.categories = sdata.qualifiers
+        self.qualifiers = sdata.qualifiers
         self.countries = sdata.countries
 
 
@@ -298,36 +333,40 @@ class PoiSearch(AbstractSearch):
                      details: SearchDetails) -> nres.SearchResults:
         """ Find results for the search in the database.
         """
+        bind_params = _details_to_bind_params(details)
         t = conn.t.placex
 
         rows: List[SaRow] = []
 
         if details.near and details.near_radius is not None and details.near_radius < 0.2:
             # simply search in placex table
-            sql = _select_placex(t) \
-                      .where(t.c.linked_place_id == None) \
-                      .where(t.c.geometry.ST_DWithin(details.near.sql_value(),
-                                                     details.near_radius)) \
-                      .order_by(t.c.centroid.ST_Distance(details.near.sql_value()))
+            def _base_query() -> SaSelect:
+                return _select_placex(t) \
+                           .where(t.c.linked_place_id == None) \
+                           .where(t.c.geometry.ST_DWithin(NEAR_PARAM, NEAR_RADIUS_PARAM)) \
+                           .order_by(t.c.centroid.ST_Distance(NEAR_PARAM)) \
+                           .limit(LIMIT_PARAM)
+
+            classtype = self.qualifiers.values
+            if len(classtype) == 1:
+                cclass, ctype = classtype[0]
+                sql: SaLambdaSelect = sa.lambda_stmt(lambda: _base_query()
+                                                 .where(t.c.class_ == cclass)
+                                                 .where(t.c.type == ctype))
+            else:
+                sql = _base_query().where(sa.or_(*(sa.and_(t.c.class_ == cls, t.c.type == typ)
+                                                   for cls, typ in classtype)))
 
             if self.countries:
                 sql = sql.where(t.c.country_code.in_(self.countries.values))
 
             if details.viewbox is not None and details.bounded_viewbox:
-                sql = sql.where(t.c.geometry.intersects(details.viewbox.sql_value()))
+                sql = sql.where(t.c.geometry.intersects(VIEWBOX_PARAM))
 
-            classtype = self.categories.values
-            if len(classtype) == 1:
-                sql = sql.where(t.c.class_ == classtype[0][0]) \
-                         .where(t.c.type == classtype[0][1])
-            else:
-                sql = sql.where(sa.or_(*(sa.and_(t.c.class_ == cls, t.c.type == typ)
-                                         for cls, typ in classtype)))
-
-            rows.extend(await conn.execute(sql.limit(details.max_results)))
+            rows.extend(await conn.execute(sql, bind_params))
         else:
             # use the class type tables
-            for category in self.categories.values:
+            for category in self.qualifiers.values:
                 table = await conn.get_class_table(*category)
                 if table is not None:
                     sql = _select_placex(t)\
@@ -336,24 +375,25 @@ class PoiSearch(AbstractSearch):
                                .where(t.c.type == category[1])
 
                     if details.viewbox is not None and details.bounded_viewbox:
-                        sql = sql.where(table.c.centroid.intersects(details.viewbox.sql_value()))
+                        sql = sql.where(table.c.centroid.intersects(VIEWBOX_PARAM))
 
-                    if details.near:
-                        sql = sql.order_by(table.c.centroid.ST_Distance(details.near.sql_value()))\
-                                 .where(table.c.centroid.ST_DWithin(details.near.sql_value(),
-                                                                    details.near_radius or 0.5))
+                    if details.near and details.near_radius is not None:
+                        sql = sql.order_by(table.c.centroid.ST_Distance(NEAR_PARAM))\
+                                 .where(table.c.centroid.ST_DWithin(NEAR_PARAM,
+                                                                    NEAR_RADIUS_PARAM))
 
                     if self.countries:
                         sql = sql.where(t.c.country_code.in_(self.countries.values))
 
-                    rows.extend(await conn.execute(sql.limit(details.max_results)))
+                    sql = sql.limit(LIMIT_PARAM)
+                    rows.extend(await conn.execute(sql, bind_params))
 
         results = nres.SearchResults()
         for row in rows:
             result = nres.create_from_placex_row(row, nres.SearchResult)
             assert result
-            result.accuracy = self.penalty + self.categories.get_penalty((row.class_, row.type))
-            result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox.data)
+            result.accuracy = self.penalty + self.qualifiers.get_penalty((row.class_, row.type))
+            result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox)
             results.append(result)
 
         return results
@@ -373,27 +413,29 @@ class CountrySearch(AbstractSearch):
         """
         t = conn.t.placex
 
+        ccodes = self.countries.values
         sql = _select_placex(t)\
-                .where(t.c.country_code.in_(self.countries.values))\
+                .where(t.c.country_code.in_(ccodes))\
                 .where(t.c.rank_address == 4)
 
-        sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, t.c.geometry, details)
+        if details.geometry_output:
+            sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, t.c.geometry, details)
 
         if details.excluded:
-            sql = sql.where(t.c.place_id.not_in(details.excluded))
+            sql = sql.where(_exclude_places(t))
 
         if details.viewbox is not None and details.bounded_viewbox:
-            sql = sql.where(t.c.geometry.intersects(details.viewbox.sql_value()))
+            sql = sql.where(lambda: t.c.geometry.intersects(VIEWBOX_PARAM))
 
         if details.near is not None and details.near_radius is not None:
-            sql = sql.where(t.c.geometry.ST_DWithin(details.near.sql_value(),
-                                                    details.near_radius))
+            sql = sql.where(_within_near(t))
 
         results = nres.SearchResults()
-        for row in await conn.execute(sql):
+        for row in await conn.execute(sql, _details_to_bind_params(details)):
             result = nres.create_from_placex_row(row, nres.SearchResult)
             assert result
             result.accuracy = self.penalty + self.countries.get_penalty(row.country_code, 5.0)
+            result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox)
             results.append(result)
 
         return results or await self.lookup_in_country_table(conn, details)
@@ -414,15 +456,15 @@ class CountrySearch(AbstractSearch):
 
         sql = sa.select(tgrid.c.country_code,
                         tgrid.c.geometry.ST_Centroid().ST_Collect().ST_Centroid()
-                              .label('centroid'))\
+                              .label('centroid'),
+                        tgrid.c.geometry.ST_Collect().ST_Expand(0).label('bbox'))\
                 .where(tgrid.c.country_code.in_(self.countries.values))\
                 .group_by(tgrid.c.country_code)
 
         if details.viewbox is not None and details.bounded_viewbox:
-            sql = sql.where(tgrid.c.geometry.intersects(details.viewbox.sql_value()))
+            sql = sql.where(tgrid.c.geometry.intersects(VIEWBOX_PARAM))
         if details.near is not None and details.near_radius is not None:
-            sql = sql.where(tgrid.c.geometry.ST_DWithin(details.near.sql_value(),
-                                                        details.near_radius))
+            sql = sql.where(_within_near(tgrid))
 
         sub = sql.subquery('grid')
 
@@ -431,13 +473,17 @@ class CountrySearch(AbstractSearch):
                          + sa.func.coalesce(t.c.derived_name,
                                             sa.cast('', type_=conn.t.types.Composite))
                         ).label('name'),
-                        sub.c.centroid)\
+                        sub.c.centroid, sub.c.bbox)\
                 .join(sub, t.c.country_code == sub.c.country_code)
 
+        if details.geometry_output:
+            sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, sub.c.centroid, details)
+
         results = nres.SearchResults()
-        for row in await conn.execute(sql):
+        for row in await conn.execute(sql, _details_to_bind_params(details)):
             result = nres.create_from_country_row(row, nres.SearchResult)
             assert result
+            result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox)
             result.accuracy = self.penalty + self.countries.get_penalty(row.country_code, 5.0)
             results.append(result)
 
@@ -461,36 +507,37 @@ class PostcodeSearch(AbstractSearch):
         """ Find results for the search in the database.
         """
         t = conn.t.postcode
+        pcs = self.postcodes.values
 
         sql = sa.select(t.c.place_id, t.c.parent_place_id,
                         t.c.rank_search, t.c.rank_address,
                         t.c.postcode, t.c.country_code,
                         t.c.geometry.label('centroid'))\
-                .where(t.c.postcode.in_(self.postcodes.values))
+                .where(t.c.postcode.in_(pcs))
 
-        sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, t.c.geometry, details)
+        if details.geometry_output:
+            sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, t.c.geometry, details)
 
         penalty: SaExpression = sa.literal(self.penalty)
 
         if details.viewbox is not None:
             if details.bounded_viewbox:
-                sql = sql.where(t.c.geometry.intersects(details.viewbox.sql_value()))
+                sql = sql.where(t.c.geometry.intersects(VIEWBOX_PARAM))
             else:
-                penalty += sa.case((t.c.geometry.intersects(details.viewbox.sql_value()), 0.0),
-                                   (t.c.geometry.intersects(details.viewbox_x2.sql_value()), 1.0),
-                                   else_=2.0)
+                penalty += sa.case((t.c.geometry.intersects(VIEWBOX_PARAM), 0.0),
+                                   (t.c.geometry.intersects(VIEWBOX2_PARAM), 0.5),
+                                   else_=1.0)
 
         if details.near is not None:
             if details.near_radius is not None:
-                sql = sql.where(t.c.geometry.ST_DWithin(details.near.sql_value(),
-                                                        details.near_radius))
-            sql = sql.order_by(t.c.geometry.ST_Distance(details.near.sql_value()))
+                sql = sql.where(_within_near(t))
+            sql = sql.order_by(t.c.geometry.ST_Distance(NEAR_PARAM))
 
         if self.countries:
             sql = sql.where(t.c.country_code.in_(self.countries.values))
 
         if details.excluded:
-            sql = sql.where(t.c.place_id.not_in(details.excluded))
+            sql = sql.where(_exclude_places(t))
 
         if self.lookups:
             assert len(self.lookups) == 1
@@ -509,10 +556,10 @@ class PostcodeSearch(AbstractSearch):
 
 
         sql = sql.add_columns(penalty.label('accuracy'))
-        sql = sql.order_by('accuracy')
+        sql = sql.order_by('accuracy').limit(LIMIT_PARAM)
 
         results = nres.SearchResults()
-        for row in await conn.execute(sql.limit(details.max_results)):
+        for row in await conn.execute(sql, _details_to_bind_params(details)):
             result = nres.create_from_postcode_row(row, nres.SearchResult)
             assert result
             result.accuracy = row.accuracy
@@ -540,22 +587,23 @@ class PlaceSearch(AbstractSearch):
                      details: SearchDetails) -> nres.SearchResults:
         """ Find results for the search in the database.
         """
-        t = conn.t.placex.alias('p')
-        tsearch = conn.t.search_name.alias('s')
-        limit = details.max_results
+        t = conn.t.placex
+        tsearch = conn.t.search_name
 
-        sql = sa.select(t.c.place_id, t.c.osm_type, t.c.osm_id, t.c.name,
-                        t.c.class_, t.c.type,
-                        t.c.address, t.c.extratags,
-                        t.c.housenumber, t.c.postcode, t.c.country_code,
-                        t.c.wikipedia,
-                        t.c.parent_place_id, t.c.rank_address, t.c.rank_search,
-                        t.c.centroid,
-                        t.c.geometry.ST_Expand(0).label('bbox'))\
-                .where(t.c.place_id == tsearch.c.place_id)
+        sql: SaLambdaSelect = sa.lambda_stmt(lambda:
+                  sa.select(t.c.place_id, t.c.osm_type, t.c.osm_id, t.c.name,
+                            t.c.class_, t.c.type,
+                            t.c.address, t.c.extratags, t.c.admin_level,
+                            t.c.housenumber, t.c.postcode, t.c.country_code,
+                            t.c.wikipedia,
+                            t.c.parent_place_id, t.c.rank_address, t.c.rank_search,
+                            t.c.centroid,
+                            t.c.geometry.ST_Expand(0).label('bbox'))
+                   .where(t.c.place_id == tsearch.c.place_id))
 
 
-        sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, t.c.geometry, details)
+        if details.geometry_output:
+            sql = _add_geometry_columns(sql, t.c.geometry, details)
 
         penalty: SaExpression = sa.literal(self.penalty)
         for ranking in self.rankings:
@@ -571,49 +619,66 @@ class PlaceSearch(AbstractSearch):
             # if a postcode is given, don't search for state or country level objects
             sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.address_rank > 9)
             tpc = conn.t.postcode
+            pcs = self.postcodes.values
             if self.expected_count > 1000:
                 # Many results expected. Restrict by postcode.
                 sql = sql.where(sa.select(tpc.c.postcode)
-                                  .where(tpc.c.postcode.in_(self.postcodes.values))
+                                  .where(tpc.c.postcode.in_(pcs))
                                   .where(tsearch.c.centroid.ST_DWithin(tpc.c.geometry, 0.12))
                                   .exists())
 
             # Less results, only have a preference for close postcodes
             pc_near = sa.select(sa.func.min(tpc.c.geometry.ST_Distance(tsearch.c.centroid)))\
-                      .where(tpc.c.postcode.in_(self.postcodes.values))\
+                      .where(tpc.c.postcode.in_(pcs))\
                       .scalar_subquery()
-            penalty += sa.case((t.c.postcode.in_(self.postcodes.values), 0.0),
+            penalty += sa.case((t.c.postcode.in_(pcs), 0.0),
                                else_=sa.func.coalesce(pc_near, 2.0))
 
         if details.viewbox is not None:
             if details.bounded_viewbox:
-                sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.centroid.intersects(details.viewbox.sql_value()))
+                if details.viewbox.area < 0.2:
+                    sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.centroid.intersects(VIEWBOX_PARAM))
+                else:
+                    sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.centroid.ST_Intersects_no_index(VIEWBOX_PARAM))
+            elif self.expected_count >= 10000:
+                if details.viewbox.area < 0.5:
+                    sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.centroid.intersects(VIEWBOX2_PARAM))
+                else:
+                    sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.centroid.ST_Intersects_no_index(VIEWBOX2_PARAM))
             else:
-                penalty += sa.case((t.c.geometry.intersects(details.viewbox.sql_value()), 0.0),
-                                   (t.c.geometry.intersects(details.viewbox_x2.sql_value()), 1.0),
-                                   else_=2.0)
+                penalty += sa.case((t.c.geometry.intersects(VIEWBOX_PARAM), 0.0),
+                                   (t.c.geometry.intersects(VIEWBOX2_PARAM), 0.5),
+                                   else_=1.0)
 
         if details.near is not None:
             if details.near_radius is not None:
-                sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.centroid.ST_DWithin(details.near.sql_value(),
-                                                         details.near_radius))
-            sql = sql.add_columns(-tsearch.c.centroid.ST_Distance(details.near.sql_value())
+                if details.near_radius < 0.1:
+                    sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.centroid.ST_DWithin(NEAR_PARAM, NEAR_RADIUS_PARAM))
+                else:
+                    sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.centroid.ST_DWithin_no_index(NEAR_PARAM,
+                                                                           NEAR_RADIUS_PARAM))
+            sql = sql.add_columns((-tsearch.c.centroid.ST_Distance(NEAR_PARAM))
                                       .label('importance'))
             sql = sql.order_by(sa.desc(sa.text('importance')))
         else:
-            sql = sql.order_by(penalty - sa.case((tsearch.c.importance > 0, tsearch.c.importance),
-                                  else_=0.75001-(sa.cast(tsearch.c.search_rank, sa.Float())/40)))
+            if self.expected_count < 10000\
+               or (details.viewbox is not None and details.viewbox.area < 0.5):
+                sql = sql.order_by(
+                        penalty - sa.case((tsearch.c.importance > 0, tsearch.c.importance),
+                                    else_=0.75001-(sa.cast(tsearch.c.search_rank, sa.Float())/40)))
             sql = sql.add_columns(t.c.importance)
 
 
-        sql = sql.add_columns(penalty.label('accuracy'))\
-                 .order_by(sa.text('accuracy'))
+        sql = sql.add_columns(penalty.label('accuracy'))
+
+        if self.expected_count < 10000:
+            sql = sql.order_by(sa.text('accuracy'))
 
         if self.housenumbers:
             hnr_regexp = f"\\m({'|'.join(self.housenumbers.values)})\\M"
             sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.address_rank.between(16, 30))\
                      .where(sa.or_(tsearch.c.address_rank < 30,
-                                  t.c.housenumber.regexp_match(hnr_regexp, flags='i')))
+                                   t.c.housenumber.op('~*')(hnr_regexp)))
 
             # Cross check for housenumbers, need to do that on a rather large
             # set. Worst case there are 40.000 main streets in OSM.
@@ -624,18 +689,19 @@ class PlaceSearch(AbstractSearch):
             pid_list = array_agg(thnr.c.place_id) # type: ignore[no-untyped-call]
             place_sql = sa.select(pid_list)\
                           .where(thnr.c.parent_place_id == inner.c.place_id)\
-                          .where(thnr.c.housenumber.regexp_match(hnr_regexp, flags='i'))\
+                          .where(thnr.c.housenumber.op('~*')(hnr_regexp))\
                           .where(thnr.c.linked_place_id == None)\
                           .where(thnr.c.indexed_status == 0)
 
             if details.excluded:
-                place_sql = place_sql.where(thnr.c.place_id.not_in(details.excluded))
+                place_sql = place_sql.where(thnr.c.place_id.not_in(sa.bindparam('excluded')))
             if self.qualifiers:
                 place_sql = place_sql.where(self.qualifiers.sql_restrict(thnr))
 
-            numerals = [int(n) for n in self.housenumbers.values if n.isdigit()]
-            interpol_sql: SaExpression
-            tiger_sql: SaExpression
+            numerals = [int(n) for n in self.housenumbers.values
+                        if n.isdigit() and len(n) < 8]
+            interpol_sql: SaColumn
+            tiger_sql: SaColumn
             if numerals and \
                (not self.qualifiers or ('place', 'house') in self.qualifiers.values):
                 # Housenumbers from interpolations
@@ -647,8 +713,8 @@ class PlaceSearch(AbstractSearch):
                                                                   numerals, details)
                                     ), else_=None)
             else:
-                interpol_sql = sa.literal_column('NULL')
-                tiger_sql = sa.literal_column('NULL')
+                interpol_sql = sa.null()
+                tiger_sql = sa.null()
 
             unsort = sa.select(inner, place_sql.scalar_subquery().label('placex_hnr'),
                                interpol_sql.label('interpol_hnr'),
@@ -665,22 +731,23 @@ class PlaceSearch(AbstractSearch):
             if self.qualifiers:
                 sql = sql.where(self.qualifiers.sql_restrict(t))
             if details.excluded:
-                sql = sql.where(tsearch.c.place_id.not_in(details.excluded))
+                sql = sql.where(_exclude_places(tsearch))
             if details.min_rank > 0:
-                sql = sql.where(sa.or_(tsearch.c.address_rank >= details.min_rank,
-                                       tsearch.c.search_rank >= details.min_rank))
+                sql = sql.where(sa.or_(tsearch.c.address_rank >= MIN_RANK_PARAM,
+                                       tsearch.c.search_rank >= MIN_RANK_PARAM))
             if details.max_rank < 30:
-                sql = sql.where(sa.or_(tsearch.c.address_rank <= details.max_rank,
-                                       tsearch.c.search_rank <= details.max_rank))
+                sql = sql.where(sa.or_(tsearch.c.address_rank <= MAX_RANK_PARAM,
+                                       tsearch.c.search_rank <= MAX_RANK_PARAM))
             if details.layers is not None:
                 sql = sql.where(_filter_by_layer(t, details.layers))
 
+        sql = sql.limit(LIMIT_PARAM)
 
         results = nres.SearchResults()
-        for row in await conn.execute(sql.limit(limit)):
+        for row in await conn.execute(sql, _details_to_bind_params(details)):
             result = nres.create_from_placex_row(row, nres.SearchResult)
             assert result
-            result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox.data)
+            result.bbox = Bbox.from_wkb(row.bbox)
             result.accuracy = row.accuracy
             if not details.excluded or not result.place_id in details.excluded:
                 results.append(result)