update osm2pgsql to 1.11.0

[nominatim.git] / nominatim / api / results.py

diff --git a/nominatim/api/results.py b/nominatim/api/results.py
index 18df486f3a9eb17f3c036dd694ab4fc336e59432..9b67c51aa580ef38befd5e9efb80ed7b7885b825 100644 (file)
--- a/nominatim/api/results.py
+++ b/nominatim/api/results.py
@@ -11,14 +11,15 @@ Data classes are part of the public API while the functions are for
 internal use only. That's why they are implemented as free-standing functions
 instead of member functions.
 """
 internal use only. That's why they are implemented as free-standing functions
 instead of member functions.
 """

-from typing import Optional, Tuple, Dict, Sequence, TypeVar, Type, List, Any, Union
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, Dict, Sequence, TypeVar, Type, List, cast

 import enum
 import dataclasses
 import datetime as dt
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 
 import enum
 import dataclasses
 import datetime as dt
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 

-from nominatim.typing import SaSelect, SaRow, SaColumn
+from nominatim.typing import SaSelect, SaRow
+from nominatim.db.sqlalchemy_types import Geometry

 from nominatim.api.types import Point, Bbox, LookupDetails
 from nominatim.api.connection import SearchConnection
 from nominatim.api.logging import log
 from nominatim.api.types import Point, Bbox, LookupDetails
 from nominatim.api.connection import SearchConnection
 from nominatim.api.logging import log


@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ class SourceTable(enum.Enum):
     """
     TIGER = 3
     """ TIGER address data contains US addresses imported on the side,
     """
     TIGER = 3
     """ TIGER address data contains US addresses imported on the side,

-        see [Installing TIGER data](../../customize/Tiger.md).
+        see [Installing TIGER data](../customize/Tiger.md).

         TIGER address are also interpolations. The addresses always refer
         to a street from OSM data. The OSM id in the result refers to
         that street.
         TIGER address are also interpolations. The addresses always refer
         to a street from OSM data. The OSM id in the result refers to
         that street.


@@ -81,12 +82,6 @@ class AddressLine:
         and its function as an address object. Most fields are optional.
         Their presence depends on the kind and function of the address part.
     """
         and its function as an address object. Most fields are optional.
         Their presence depends on the kind and function of the address part.
     """

-    place_id: Optional[int]
-    """ Internal ID of the place.
-    """
-    osm_object: Optional[Tuple[str, int]]
-    """ OSM type and ID of the place, if such an object exists.
-    """

     category: Tuple[str, str]
     """ Main category of the place, described by a key-value pair.
     """
     category: Tuple[str, str]
     """ Main category of the place, described by a key-value pair.
     """


@@ -94,16 +89,6 @@ class AddressLine:
     """ All available names for the place including references, alternative
         names and translations.
     """
     """ All available names for the place including references, alternative
         names and translations.
     """

-    extratags: Optional[Dict[str, str]]
-    """ Any extra information available about the place. This is a dictionary
-        that usually contains OSM tag key-value pairs.
-    """
-
-    admin_level: Optional[int]
-    """ The administrative level of a boundary as tagged in the input data.
-        This field is only meaningful for places of the category
-        (boundary, administrative).
-    """

     fromarea: bool
     """ If true, then the exact area of the place is known. Without area
         information, Nominatim has to make an educated guess if an address
     fromarea: bool
     """ If true, then the exact area of the place is known. Without area
         information, Nominatim has to make an educated guess if an address


@@ -123,6 +108,22 @@ class AddressLine:
     distance: float
     """ Distance in degrees between the result place and this address part.
     """
     distance: float
     """ Distance in degrees between the result place and this address part.
     """

+    place_id: Optional[int] = None
+    """ Internal ID of the place.
+    """
+    osm_object: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None
+    """ OSM type and ID of the place, if such an object exists.
+    """
+    extratags: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None
+    """ Any extra information available about the place. This is a dictionary
+        that usually contains OSM tag key-value pairs.
+    """
+
+    admin_level: Optional[int] = None
+    """ The administrative level of a boundary as tagged in the input data.
+        This field is only meaningful for places of the category
+        (boundary, administrative).
+    """

 
     local_name: Optional[str] = None
     """ Place holder for localization of this address part. See
 
     local_name: Optional[str] = None
     """ Place holder for localization of this address part. See


@@ -184,6 +185,9 @@ class BaseResult:
 
     place_id : Optional[int] = None
     osm_object: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None
 
     place_id : Optional[int] = None
     osm_object: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None

+    parent_place_id: Optional[int] = None
+    linked_place_id: Optional[int] = None
+    admin_level: int = 15

 
     locale_name: Optional[str] = None
     display_name: Optional[str] = None
 
     locale_name: Optional[str] = None
     display_name: Optional[str] = None


@@ -251,9 +255,6 @@ class DetailedResult(BaseResult):
     """ A search result with more internal information from the database
         added.
     """
     """ A search result with more internal information from the database
         added.
     """

-    parent_place_id: Optional[int] = None
-    linked_place_id: Optional[int] = None
-    admin_level: int = 15

     indexed_date: Optional[dt.datetime] = None
 
 
     indexed_date: Optional[dt.datetime] = None
 
 


@@ -292,12 +293,6 @@ class SearchResults(List[SearchResult]):
         May be empty when no result was found.
     """
 
         May be empty when no result was found.
     """
 

-    def localize(self, locales: Locales) -> None:
-        """ Apply the given locales to all results.
-        """
-        for result in self:
-            result.localize(locales)
-

 
 def _filter_geometries(row: SaRow) -> Dict[str, str]:
     return {k[9:]: v for k, v in row._mapping.items() # pylint: disable=W0212
 
 def _filter_geometries(row: SaRow) -> Dict[str, str]:
     return {k[9:]: v for k, v in row._mapping.items() # pylint: disable=W0212


@@ -317,6 +312,9 @@ def create_from_placex_row(row: Optional[SaRow],
                       place_id=row.place_id,
                       osm_object=(row.osm_type, row.osm_id),
                       category=(row.class_, row.type),
                       place_id=row.place_id,
                       osm_object=(row.osm_type, row.osm_id),
                       category=(row.class_, row.type),

+                      parent_place_id = row.parent_place_id,
+                      linked_place_id = getattr(row, 'linked_place_id', None),
+                      admin_level = getattr(row, 'admin_level', 15),

                       names=_mingle_name_tags(row.name),
                       address=row.address,
                       extratags=row.extratags,
                       names=_mingle_name_tags(row.name),
                       address=row.address,
                       extratags=row.extratags,


@@ -347,6 +345,7 @@ def create_from_osmline_row(row: Optional[SaRow],
 
     res = class_type(source_table=SourceTable.OSMLINE,
                      place_id=row.place_id,
 
     res = class_type(source_table=SourceTable.OSMLINE,
                      place_id=row.place_id,

+                     parent_place_id = row.parent_place_id,

                      osm_object=('W', row.osm_id),
                      category=('place', 'houses' if hnr is None else 'house'),
                      address=row.address,
                      osm_object=('W', row.osm_id),
                      category=('place', 'houses' if hnr is None else 'house'),
                      address=row.address,


@@ -383,6 +382,7 @@ def create_from_tiger_row(row: Optional[SaRow],
 
     res = class_type(source_table=SourceTable.TIGER,
                      place_id=row.place_id,
 
     res = class_type(source_table=SourceTable.TIGER,
                      place_id=row.place_id,

+                     parent_place_id = row.parent_place_id,

                      osm_object=(osm_type or row.osm_type, osm_id or row.osm_id),
                      category=('place', 'houses' if hnr is None else 'house'),
                      postcode=row.postcode,
                      osm_object=(osm_type or row.osm_type, osm_id or row.osm_id),
                      category=('place', 'houses' if hnr is None else 'house'),
                      postcode=row.postcode,


@@ -411,6 +411,7 @@ def create_from_postcode_row(row: Optional[SaRow],
 
     return class_type(source_table=SourceTable.POSTCODE,
                       place_id=row.place_id,
 
     return class_type(source_table=SourceTable.POSTCODE,
                       place_id=row.place_id,

+                      parent_place_id = row.parent_place_id,

                       category=('place', 'postcode'),
                       names={'ref': row.postcode},
                       rank_search=row.rank_search,
                       category=('place', 'postcode'),
                       names={'ref': row.postcode},
                       rank_search=row.rank_search,


@@ -434,7 +435,8 @@ def create_from_country_row(row: Optional[SaRow],
                       centroid=Point.from_wkb(row.centroid),
                       names=row.name,
                       rank_address=4, rank_search=4,
                       centroid=Point.from_wkb(row.centroid),
                       names=row.name,
                       rank_address=4, rank_search=4,

-                      country_code=row.country_code)
+                      country_code=row.country_code,
+                      geometry=_filter_geometries(row))

 
 
 async def add_result_details(conn: SearchConnection, results: List[BaseResultT],
 
 
 async def add_result_details(conn: SearchConnection, results: List[BaseResultT],


@@ -459,19 +461,24 @@ async def add_result_details(conn: SearchConnection, results: List[BaseResultT],
             log().comment('Query keywords')
             for result in results:
                 await complete_keywords(conn, result)
             log().comment('Query keywords')
             for result in results:
                 await complete_keywords(conn, result)

+        for result in results:
+            result.localize(details.locales)

 
 
 
 

-def _result_row_to_address_row(row: SaRow) -> AddressLine:
+def _result_row_to_address_row(row: SaRow, isaddress: Optional[bool] = None) -> AddressLine:

     """ Create a new AddressLine from the results of a datbase query.
     """
     """ Create a new AddressLine from the results of a datbase query.
     """

-    extratags: Dict[str, str] = getattr(row, 'extratags', {})
-    if hasattr(row, 'place_type') and row.place_type:
-        extratags['place'] = row.place_type
+    extratags: Dict[str, str] = getattr(row, 'extratags', {}) or {}
+    if 'linked_place' in extratags:
+        extratags['place'] = extratags['linked_place']

 
     names = _mingle_name_tags(row.name) or {}
     if getattr(row, 'housenumber', None) is not None:
         names['housenumber'] = row.housenumber
 
 
     names = _mingle_name_tags(row.name) or {}
     if getattr(row, 'housenumber', None) is not None:
         names['housenumber'] = row.housenumber
 

+    if isaddress is None:
+        isaddress = getattr(row, 'isaddress', True)
+

     return AddressLine(place_id=row.place_id,
                        osm_object=None if row.osm_type is None else (row.osm_type, row.osm_id),
                        category=(getattr(row, 'class'), row.type),
     return AddressLine(place_id=row.place_id,
                        osm_object=None if row.osm_type is None else (row.osm_type, row.osm_id),
                        category=(getattr(row, 'class'), row.type),


@@ -479,109 +486,211 @@ def _result_row_to_address_row(row: SaRow) -> AddressLine:
                        extratags=extratags,
                        admin_level=row.admin_level,
                        fromarea=row.fromarea,
                        extratags=extratags,
                        admin_level=row.admin_level,
                        fromarea=row.fromarea,

-                       isaddress=getattr(row, 'isaddress', True),
+                       isaddress=isaddress,

                        rank_address=row.rank_address,
                        distance=row.distance)
 
 
                        rank_address=row.rank_address,
                        distance=row.distance)
 
 

-def _get_housenumber_details(results: List[BaseResultT]) -> Tuple[List[int], List[int]]:
-    places = []
-    hnrs = []
-    for result in results:
-        if result.place_id:
-            housenumber = -1
-            if result.source_table in (SourceTable.TIGER, SourceTable.OSMLINE):
-                if result.housenumber is not None:
-                    housenumber = int(result.housenumber)
-                elif result.extratags is not None and 'startnumber' in result.extratags:
-                    # details requests do not come with a specific house number
-                    housenumber = int(result.extratags['startnumber'])
-            places.append(result.place_id)
-            hnrs.append(housenumber)
-
-    return places, hnrs
+def _get_address_lookup_id(result: BaseResultT) -> int:
+    assert result.place_id
+    if result.source_table != SourceTable.PLACEX or result.rank_search > 27:
+        return result.parent_place_id or result.place_id
+
+    return result.linked_place_id or result.place_id
+
+
+async def _finalize_entry(conn: SearchConnection, result: BaseResultT) -> None:
+    assert result.address_rows is not None
+    postcode = result.postcode
+    if not postcode and result.address:
+        postcode = result.address.get('postcode')
+    if postcode and ',' not in postcode and ';' not in postcode:
+        result.address_rows.append(AddressLine(
+            category=('place', 'postcode'),
+            names={'ref': postcode},
+            fromarea=False, isaddress=True, rank_address=5,
+            distance=0.0))
+    if result.country_code:
+        async def _get_country_names() -> Optional[Dict[str, str]]:
+            t = conn.t.country_name
+            sql = sa.select(t.c.name, t.c.derived_name)\
+                    .where(t.c.country_code == result.country_code)
+            for cres in await conn.execute(sql):
+                names = cast(Dict[str, str], cres[0])
+                if cres[1]:
+                    names.update(cast(Dict[str, str], cres[1]))
+                return names
+            return None
+
+        country_names = await conn.get_cached_value('COUNTRY_NAME',
+                                                    result.country_code,
+                                                    _get_country_names)
+        if country_names:
+            result.address_rows.append(AddressLine(
+                category=('place', 'country'),
+                names=country_names,
+                fromarea=False, isaddress=True, rank_address=4,
+                distance=0.0))
+        result.address_rows.append(AddressLine(
+            category=('place', 'country_code'),
+            names={'ref': result.country_code}, extratags = {},
+            fromarea=True, isaddress=False, rank_address=4,
+            distance=0.0))
+
+
+def _setup_address_details(result: BaseResultT) -> None:
+    """ Retrieve information about places that make up the address of the result.
+    """
+    result.address_rows = AddressLines()
+    if result.names:
+        result.address_rows.append(AddressLine(
+            place_id=result.place_id,
+            osm_object=result.osm_object,
+            category=result.category,
+            names=result.names,
+            extratags=result.extratags or {},
+            admin_level=result.admin_level,
+            fromarea=True, isaddress=True,
+            rank_address=result.rank_address or 100, distance=0.0))
+    if result.source_table == SourceTable.PLACEX and result.address:
+        housenumber = result.address.get('housenumber')\
+                      or result.address.get('streetnumber')\
+                      or result.address.get('conscriptionnumber')
+    elif result.housenumber:
+        housenumber = result.housenumber
+    else:
+        housenumber = None
+    if housenumber:
+        result.address_rows.append(AddressLine(
+            category=('place', 'house_number'),
+            names={'ref': housenumber},
+            fromarea=True, isaddress=True, rank_address=28, distance=0))
+    if result.address and '_unlisted_place' in result.address:
+        result.address_rows.append(AddressLine(
+            category=('place', 'locality'),
+            names={'name': result.address['_unlisted_place']},
+            fromarea=False, isaddress=True, rank_address=25, distance=0))

 
 
 async def complete_address_details(conn: SearchConnection, results: List[BaseResultT]) -> None:
     """ Retrieve information about places that make up the address of the result.
     """
 
 
 async def complete_address_details(conn: SearchConnection, results: List[BaseResultT]) -> None:
     """ Retrieve information about places that make up the address of the result.
     """

-    places, hnrs = _get_housenumber_details(results)
-
-    if not places:
-        return
+    for result in results:
+        _setup_address_details(result)

 
 

-    def _get_addressdata(place_id: Union[int, SaColumn], hnr: Union[int, SaColumn]) -> Any:
-        return sa.func.get_addressdata(place_id, hnr)\
-                    .table_valued( # type: ignore[no-untyped-call]
-                        sa.column('place_id', type_=sa.Integer),
-                        'osm_type',
-                        sa.column('osm_id', type_=sa.BigInteger),
-                        sa.column('name', type_=conn.t.types.Composite),
-                        'class', 'type', 'place_type',
-                        sa.column('admin_level', type_=sa.Integer),
-                        sa.column('fromarea', type_=sa.Boolean),
-                        sa.column('isaddress', type_=sa.Boolean),
-                        sa.column('rank_address', type_=sa.SmallInteger),
-                        sa.column('distance', type_=sa.Float),
-                        joins_implicitly=True)
-
-
-    if len(places) == 1:
-        # Optimized case for exactly one result (reverse)
-        sql = sa.select(_get_addressdata(places[0], hnrs[0]))\
-                .order_by(sa.column('rank_address').desc(),
-                          sa.column('isaddress').desc())
-
-        alines = AddressLines()
-        for row in await conn.execute(sql):
-            alines.append(_result_row_to_address_row(row))
+    ### Lookup entries from place_address line

 
 

-        for result in results:
-            if result.place_id == places[0]:
-                result.address_rows = alines
-                return
+    lookup_ids = [{'pid': r.place_id,
+                   'lid': _get_address_lookup_id(r),
+                   'names': list(r.address.values()) if r.address else [],
+                   'c': ('SRID=4326;' + r.centroid.to_wkt()) if r.centroid else '' }
+                  for r in results if r.place_id]

 
 

+    if not lookup_ids:
+        return

 
 

-    darray = sa.func.unnest(conn.t.types.to_array(places), conn.t.types.to_array(hnrs))\
-                    .table_valued( # type: ignore[no-untyped-call]
-                       sa.column('place_id', type_= sa.Integer),
-                       sa.column('housenumber', type_= sa.Integer)
-                    ).render_derived()
+    ltab = sa.func.JsonArrayEach(sa.type_coerce(lookup_ids, sa.JSON))\
+             .table_valued(sa.column('value', type_=sa.JSON))

 
 

-    sfn = _get_addressdata(darray.c.place_id, darray.c.housenumber)
+    t = conn.t.placex
+    taddr = conn.t.addressline
+
+    sql = sa.select(ltab.c.value['pid'].as_integer().label('src_place_id'),
+                    t.c.place_id, t.c.osm_type, t.c.osm_id, t.c.name,
+                    t.c.class_, t.c.type, t.c.extratags,
+                    t.c.admin_level, taddr.c.fromarea,
+                    sa.case((t.c.rank_address == 11, 5),
+                            else_=t.c.rank_address).label('rank_address'),
+                    taddr.c.distance, t.c.country_code, t.c.postcode)\
+            .join(taddr, sa.or_(taddr.c.place_id == ltab.c.value['pid'].as_integer(),
+                                taddr.c.place_id == ltab.c.value['lid'].as_integer()))\
+            .join(t, taddr.c.address_place_id == t.c.place_id)\
+            .order_by('src_place_id')\
+            .order_by(sa.column('rank_address').desc())\
+            .order_by((taddr.c.place_id == ltab.c.value['pid'].as_integer()).desc())\
+            .order_by(sa.case((sa.func.CrosscheckNames(t.c.name, ltab.c.value['names']), 2),
+                              (taddr.c.isaddress, 0),
+                              (sa.and_(taddr.c.fromarea,
+                                       t.c.geometry.ST_Contains(
+                                           sa.func.ST_GeomFromEWKT(
+                                               ltab.c.value['c'].as_string()))), 1),
+                              else_=-1).desc())\
+            .order_by(taddr.c.fromarea.desc())\
+            .order_by(taddr.c.distance.desc())\
+            .order_by(t.c.rank_search.desc())

 
 

-    sql = sa.select(darray.c.place_id.label('result_place_id'), sfn)\
-            .order_by(darray.c.place_id,
-                      sa.column('rank_address').desc(),
-                      sa.column('isaddress').desc())

 
     current_result = None
 
     current_result = None

+    current_rank_address = -1

     for row in await conn.execute(sql):
     for row in await conn.execute(sql):

-        if current_result is None or row.result_place_id != current_result.place_id:
-            for result in results:
-                if result.place_id == row.result_place_id:
-                    current_result = result
-                    break
+        if current_result is None or row.src_place_id != current_result.place_id:
+            current_result = next((r for r in results if r.place_id == row.src_place_id), None)
+            assert current_result is not None
+            current_rank_address = -1
+
+        location_isaddress = row.rank_address != current_rank_address
+
+        if current_result.country_code is None and row.country_code:
+            current_result.country_code = row.country_code
+
+        if row.type in ('postcode', 'postal_code') and location_isaddress:
+            if not row.fromarea or \
+               (current_result.address and 'postcode' in current_result.address):
+                location_isaddress = False

             else:
             else:

-                assert False
-            current_result.address_rows = AddressLines()
-        current_result.address_rows.append(_result_row_to_address_row(row))
+                current_result.postcode = None
+
+        assert current_result.address_rows is not None
+        current_result.address_rows.append(_result_row_to_address_row(row, location_isaddress))
+        current_rank_address = row.rank_address
+
+    for result in results:
+        await _finalize_entry(conn, result)
+
+
+    ### Finally add the record for the parent entry where necessary.
+
+    parent_lookup_ids = list(filter(lambda e: e['pid'] != e['lid'], lookup_ids))
+    if parent_lookup_ids:
+        ltab = sa.func.JsonArrayEach(sa.type_coerce(parent_lookup_ids, sa.JSON))\
+                 .table_valued(sa.column('value', type_=sa.JSON))
+        sql = sa.select(ltab.c.value['pid'].as_integer().label('src_place_id'),
+                        t.c.place_id, t.c.osm_type, t.c.osm_id, t.c.name,
+                        t.c.class_, t.c.type, t.c.extratags,
+                        t.c.admin_level,
+                        t.c.rank_address)\
+                 .where(t.c.place_id == ltab.c.value['lid'].as_integer())
+
+        for row in await conn.execute(sql):
+            current_result = next((r for r in results if r.place_id == row.src_place_id), None)
+            assert current_result is not None
+            assert current_result.address_rows is not None
+
+            current_result.address_rows.append(AddressLine(
+                    place_id=row.place_id,
+                    osm_object=(row.osm_type, row.osm_id),
+                    category=(row.class_, row.type),
+                    names=row.name, extratags=row.extratags or {},
+                    admin_level=row.admin_level,
+                    fromarea=True, isaddress=True,
+                    rank_address=row.rank_address, distance=0.0))
+
+    ### Now sort everything
+    for result in results:
+        assert result.address_rows is not None
+        result.address_rows.sort(key=lambda a: (-a.rank_address, a.isaddress))

 
 
 
 

-# pylint: disable=consider-using-f-string

 def _placex_select_address_row(conn: SearchConnection,
                                centroid: Point) -> SaSelect:
     t = conn.t.placex
     return sa.select(t.c.place_id, t.c.osm_type, t.c.osm_id, t.c.name,
                      t.c.class_.label('class'), t.c.type,
                      t.c.admin_level, t.c.housenumber,
 def _placex_select_address_row(conn: SearchConnection,
                                centroid: Point) -> SaSelect:
     t = conn.t.placex
     return sa.select(t.c.place_id, t.c.osm_type, t.c.osm_id, t.c.name,
                      t.c.class_.label('class'), t.c.type,
                      t.c.admin_level, t.c.housenumber,

-                     sa.literal_column("""ST_GeometryType(geometry) in
-                                        ('ST_Polygon','ST_MultiPolygon')""").label('fromarea'),
+                     t.c.geometry.is_area().label('fromarea'),

                      t.c.rank_address,
                      t.c.rank_address,

-                     sa.literal_column(
-                         """ST_DistanceSpheroid(geometry, 'SRID=4326;POINT(%f %f)'::geometry,
-                              'SPHEROID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563, AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]]')
-                         """ % centroid).label('distance'))
+                     t.c.geometry.distance_spheroid(
+                       sa.bindparam('centroid', value=centroid, type_=Geometry)).label('distance'))

 
 
 async def complete_linked_places(conn: SearchConnection, result: BaseResult) -> None:
 
 
 async def complete_linked_places(conn: SearchConnection, result: BaseResult) -> None:


@@ -615,10 +724,10 @@ async def complete_keywords(conn: SearchConnection, result: BaseResult) -> None:
     sel = sa.select(t.c.word_id, t.c.word_token, t.c.word)
 
     for name_tokens, address_tokens in await conn.execute(sql):
     sel = sa.select(t.c.word_id, t.c.word_token, t.c.word)
 
     for name_tokens, address_tokens in await conn.execute(sql):

-        for row in await conn.execute(sel.where(t.c.word_id == sa.any_(name_tokens))):
+        for row in await conn.execute(sel.where(t.c.word_id.in_(name_tokens))):

             result.name_keywords.append(WordInfo(*row))
 
             result.name_keywords.append(WordInfo(*row))
 

-        for row in await conn.execute(sel.where(t.c.word_id == sa.any_(address_tokens))):
+        for row in await conn.execute(sel.where(t.c.word_id.in_(address_tokens))):

             result.address_keywords.append(WordInfo(*row))
 
 
             result.address_keywords.append(WordInfo(*row))