rename use of category as POI search to near_item

[nominatim.git] / nominatim / api / types.py

diff --git a/nominatim/api/types.py b/nominatim/api/types.py
index 344fd91bffb376d2a781daa1a03701719540f6af..5767fe1604a7d31e5b1adffdf3699adf8420a439 100644 (file)
--- a/nominatim/api/types.py
+++ b/nominatim/api/types.py
@@ -7,25 +7,56 @@
 """
 Complex datatypes used by the Nominatim API.
 """
 """
 Complex datatypes used by the Nominatim API.
 """

-from typing import Optional, Union, Tuple, NamedTuple
+from typing import Optional, Union, Tuple, NamedTuple, TypeVar, Type, Dict, \
+                   Any, List, Sequence
+from collections import abc

 import dataclasses
 import enum
 import dataclasses
 import enum

+import math

 from struct import unpack
 from struct import unpack

+from binascii import unhexlify
+
+from nominatim.errors import UsageError
+from nominatim.api.localization import Locales
+
+# pylint: disable=no-member,too-many-boolean-expressions,too-many-instance-attributes

 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class PlaceID:
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class PlaceID:

-    """ Reference an object by Nominatim's internal ID.
+    """ Reference a place by Nominatim's internal ID.
+
+        A PlaceID may reference place from the main table placex, from
+        the interpolation tables or the postcode tables. Place IDs are not
+        stable between installations. You may use this type theefore only
+        with place IDs obtained from the same database.

     """
     place_id: int
     """
     place_id: int

+    """
+    The internal ID of the place to reference.
+    """

 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class OsmID:
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class OsmID:

-    """ Reference by the OSM ID and potentially the basic category.
+    """ Reference a place by its OSM ID and potentially the basic category.
+
+        The OSM ID may refer to places in the main table placex and OSM
+        interpolation lines.

     """
     osm_type: str
     """
     osm_type: str

+    """ OSM type of the object. Must be one of `N`(node), `W`(way) or
+        `R`(relation).
+    """

     osm_id: int
     osm_id: int

+    """ The OSM ID of the object.
+    """

     osm_class: Optional[str] = None
     osm_class: Optional[str] = None

+    """ The same OSM object may appear multiple times in the database under
+        different categories. The optional class parameter allows to distinguish
+        the different categories and corresponds to the key part of the category.
+        If there are multiple objects in the database and `osm_class` is
+        left out, then one of the objects is returned at random.
+    """

 
     def __post_init__(self) -> None:
         if self.osm_type not in ('N', 'W', 'R'):
 
     def __post_init__(self) -> None:
         if self.osm_type not in ('N', 'W', 'R'):


@@ -63,11 +94,13 @@ class Point(NamedTuple):
 
 
     @staticmethod
 
 
     @staticmethod

-    def from_wkb(wkb: bytes) -> 'Point':
+    def from_wkb(wkb: Union[str, bytes]) -> 'Point':

         """ Create a point from EWKB as returned from the database.
         """
         """ Create a point from EWKB as returned from the database.
         """

+        if isinstance(wkb, str):
+            wkb = unhexlify(wkb)

         if len(wkb) != 25:
         if len(wkb) != 25:

-            raise ValueError("Point wkb has unexpected length")
+            raise ValueError(f"Point wkb has unexpected length {len(wkb)}")

         if wkb[0] == 0:
             gtype, srid, x, y = unpack('>iidd', wkb[1:])
         elif wkb[0] == 1:
         if wkb[0] == 0:
             gtype, srid, x, y = unpack('>iidd', wkb[1:])
         elif wkb[0] == 1:


@@ -83,16 +116,57 @@ class Point(NamedTuple):
         return Point(x, y)
 
 
         return Point(x, y)
 
 

+    @staticmethod
+    def from_param(inp: Any) -> 'Point':
+        """ Create a point from an input parameter. The parameter
+            may be given as a point, a string or a sequence of
+            strings or floats. Raises a UsageError if the format is
+            not correct.
+        """
+        if isinstance(inp, Point):
+            return inp
+
+        seq: Sequence[str]
+        if isinstance(inp, str):
+            seq = inp.split(',')
+        elif isinstance(inp, abc.Sequence):
+            seq = inp
+
+        if len(seq) != 2:
+            raise UsageError('Point parameter needs 2 coordinates.')
+        try:
+            x, y = filter(math.isfinite, map(float, seq))
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise UsageError('Point parameter needs to be numbers.') from exc
+
+        if x < -180.0 or x > 180.0 or y < -90.0 or y > 90.0:
+            raise UsageError('Point coordinates invalid.')
+
+        return Point(x, y)
+
+
+    def to_wkt(self) -> str:
+        """ Return the WKT representation of the point.
+        """
+        return f'POINT({self.x} {self.y})'
+
+
+

 AnyPoint = Union[Point, Tuple[float, float]]
 
 AnyPoint = Union[Point, Tuple[float, float]]
 

+WKB_BBOX_HEADER_LE = b'\x01\x03\x00\x00\x20\xE6\x10\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x05\x00\x00\x00'
+WKB_BBOX_HEADER_BE = b'\x00\x20\x00\x00\x03\x00\x00\x10\xe6\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x05'

 
 class Bbox:
 
 class Bbox:

-    """ A bounding box in WSG84 projection.
+    """ A bounding box in WGS84 projection.

 
         The coordinates are available as an array in the 'coord'
         property in the order (minx, miny, maxx, maxy).
     """
     def __init__(self, minx: float, miny: float, maxx: float, maxy: float) -> None:
 
         The coordinates are available as an array in the 'coord'
         property in the order (minx, miny, maxx, maxy).
     """
     def __init__(self, minx: float, miny: float, maxx: float, maxy: float) -> None:

+        """ Create a new bounding box with the given coordinates in WGS84
+            projection.
+        """

         self.coords = (minx, miny, maxx, maxy)
 
 
         self.coords = (minx, miny, maxx, maxy)
 
 


@@ -124,19 +198,44 @@ class Bbox:
         return self.coords[2]
 
 
         return self.coords[2]
 
 

+    @property
+    def area(self) -> float:
+        """ Return the area of the box in WGS84.
+        """
+        return (self.coords[2] - self.coords[0]) * (self.coords[3] - self.coords[1])
+
+
+    def contains(self, pt: Point) -> bool:
+        """ Check if the point is inside or on the boundary of the box.
+        """
+        return self.coords[0] <= pt[0] and self.coords[1] <= pt[1]\
+               and self.coords[2] >= pt[0] and self.coords[3] >= pt[1]
+
+
+    def to_wkt(self) -> str:
+        """ Return the WKT representation of the Bbox. This
+            is a simple polygon with four points.
+        """
+        return 'POLYGON(({0} {1},{0} {3},{2} {3},{2} {1},{0} {1}))'\
+                  .format(*self.coords) # pylint: disable=consider-using-f-string
+
+

     @staticmethod
     @staticmethod

-    def from_wkb(wkb: Optional[bytes]) -> 'Optional[Bbox]':
+    def from_wkb(wkb: Union[None, str, bytes]) -> 'Optional[Bbox]':

         """ Create a Bbox from a bounding box polygon as returned by
         """ Create a Bbox from a bounding box polygon as returned by

-            the database. Return s None if the input value is None.
+            the database. Returns `None` if the input value is None.

         """
         if wkb is None:
             return None
 
         """
         if wkb is None:
             return None
 

+        if isinstance(wkb, str):
+            wkb = unhexlify(wkb)
+

         if len(wkb) != 97:
             raise ValueError("WKB must be a bounding box polygon")
         if len(wkb) != 97:
             raise ValueError("WKB must be a bounding box polygon")

-        if wkb.startswith(b'\x01\x03\x00\x00\x20\xE6\x10\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x05\x00\x00\x00'):
+        if wkb.startswith(WKB_BBOX_HEADER_LE):

             x1, y1, _, _, x2, y2 = unpack('<dddddd', wkb[17:65])
             x1, y1, _, _, x2, y2 = unpack('<dddddd', wkb[17:65])

-        elif wkb.startswith(b'\x00\x20\x00\x00\x03\x00\x00\x10\xe6\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x05'):
+        elif wkb.startswith(WKB_BBOX_HEADER_BE):

             x1, y1, _, _, x2, y2 = unpack('>dddddd', wkb[17:65])
         else:
             raise ValueError("WKB has wrong header")
             x1, y1, _, _, x2, y2 = unpack('>dddddd', wkb[17:65])
         else:
             raise ValueError("WKB has wrong header")


@@ -144,6 +243,7 @@ class Bbox:
         return Bbox(min(x1, x2), min(y1, y2), max(x1, x2), max(y1, y2))
 
 
         return Bbox(min(x1, x2), min(y1, y2), max(x1, x2), max(y1, y2))
 
 

+    @staticmethod

     def from_point(pt: Point, buffer: float) -> 'Bbox':
         """ Return a Bbox around the point with the buffer added to all sides.
         """
     def from_point(pt: Point, buffer: float) -> 'Bbox':
         """ Return a Bbox around the point with the buffer added to all sides.
         """


@@ -151,20 +251,144 @@ class Bbox:
                     pt[0] + buffer, pt[1] + buffer)
 
 
                     pt[0] + buffer, pt[1] + buffer)
 
 

+    @staticmethod
+    def from_param(inp: Any) -> 'Bbox':
+        """ Return a Bbox from an input parameter. The box may be
+            given as a Bbox, a string or a list or strings or integer.
+            Raises a UsageError if the format is incorrect.
+        """
+        if isinstance(inp, Bbox):
+            return inp
+
+        seq: Sequence[str]
+        if isinstance(inp, str):
+            seq = inp.split(',')
+        elif isinstance(inp, abc.Sequence):
+            seq = inp
+
+        if len(seq) != 4:
+            raise UsageError('Bounding box parameter needs 4 coordinates.')
+        try:
+            x1, y1, x2, y2 = filter(math.isfinite, map(float, seq))
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            raise UsageError('Bounding box parameter needs to be numbers.') from exc
+
+        x1 = min(180, max(-180, x1))
+        x2 = min(180, max(-180, x2))
+        y1 = min(90, max(-90, y1))
+        y2 = min(90, max(-90, y2))
+
+        if x1 == x2 or y1 == y2:
+            raise UsageError('Bounding box with invalid parameters.')
+
+        return Bbox(min(x1, x2), min(y1, y2), max(x1, x2), max(y1, y2))
+
+

 class GeometryFormat(enum.Flag):
 class GeometryFormat(enum.Flag):

-    """ Geometry output formats supported by Nominatim.
+    """ All search functions support returning the full geometry of a place in
+        various formats. The internal geometry is converted by PostGIS to
+        the desired format and then returned as a string. It is possible to
+        request multiple formats at the same time.

     """
     NONE = 0
     """
     NONE = 0

+    """ No geometry requested. Alias for a empty flag.
+    """

     GEOJSON = enum.auto()
     GEOJSON = enum.auto()

+    """
+    [GeoJSON](https://geojson.org/) format
+    """

     KML = enum.auto()
     KML = enum.auto()

+    """
+    [KML](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language) format
+    """

     SVG = enum.auto()
     SVG = enum.auto()

+    """
+    [SVG](http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html) format
+    """

     TEXT = enum.auto()
     TEXT = enum.auto()

+    """
+    [WKT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well-known_text_representation_of_geometry) format
+    """
+
+
+class DataLayer(enum.Flag):
+    """ The `DataLayer` flag type defines the layers that can be selected
+        for reverse and forward search.
+    """
+    ADDRESS = enum.auto()
+    """ The address layer contains all places relavant for addresses:
+        fully qualified addresses with a house number (or a house name equivalent,
+        for some addresses) and places that can be part of an address like
+        roads, cities, states.
+    """
+    POI = enum.auto()
+    """ Layer for points of interest like shops, restaurants but also
+        recycling bins or postboxes.
+    """
+    RAILWAY = enum.auto()
+    """ Layer with railway features including tracks and other infrastructure.
+        Note that in Nominatim's standard configuration, only very few railway
+        features are imported into the database. Thus a custom configuration
+        is required to make full use of this layer.
+    """
+    NATURAL = enum.auto()
+    """ Layer with natural features like rivers, lakes and mountains.
+    """
+    MANMADE = enum.auto()
+    """ Layer with other human-made features and boundaries. This layer is
+        the catch-all and includes all features not covered by the other
+        layers. A typical example for this layer are national park boundaries.
+    """

 
 
 
 

+def format_country(cc: Any) -> List[str]:
+    """ Extract a list of country codes from the input which may be either
+        a string or list of strings. Filters out all values that are not
+        a two-letter string.
+    """
+    clist: Sequence[str]
+    if isinstance(cc, str):
+        clist = cc.split(',')
+    elif isinstance(cc, abc.Sequence):
+        clist = cc
+    else:
+        raise UsageError("Parameter 'country' needs to be a comma-separated list "
+                         "or a Python list of strings.")
+
+    return [cc.lower() for cc in clist if isinstance(cc, str) and len(cc) == 2]
+
+
+def format_excluded(ids: Any) -> List[int]:
+    """ Extract a list of place ids from the input which may be either
+        a string or a list of strings or ints. Ignores empty value but
+        throws a UserError on anything that cannot be converted to int.
+    """
+    plist: Sequence[str]
+    if isinstance(ids, str):
+        plist = [s.strip() for s in ids.split(',')]
+    elif isinstance(ids, abc.Sequence):
+        plist = ids
+    else:
+        raise UsageError("Parameter 'excluded' needs to be a comma-separated list "
+                         "or a Python list of numbers.")
+    if not all(isinstance(i, int) or
+               (isinstance(i, str) and (not i or i.isdigit())) for i in plist):
+        raise UsageError("Parameter 'excluded' only takes place IDs.")
+
+    return [int(id) for id in plist if id] or [0]
+
+
+def format_categories(categories: List[Tuple[str, str]]) -> List[Tuple[str, str]]:
+    """ Extract a list of categories. Currently a noop.
+    """
+    return categories
+
+TParam = TypeVar('TParam', bound='LookupDetails') # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+

 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class LookupDetails:
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class LookupDetails:

-    """ Collection of parameters that define the amount of details
-        returned with a search result.
+    """ Collection of parameters that define which kind of details are
+        returned with a lookup or details result.

     """
     geometry_output: GeometryFormat = GeometryFormat.NONE
     """ Add the full geometry of the place to the result. Multiple
     """
     geometry_output: GeometryFormat = GeometryFormat.NONE
     """ Add the full geometry of the place to the result. Multiple


@@ -190,13 +414,137 @@ class LookupDetails:
         0.0 means the original geometry is kept. The higher the value, the
         more the geometry gets simplified.
     """
         0.0 means the original geometry is kept. The higher the value, the
         more the geometry gets simplified.
     """

+    locales: Locales = Locales()
+    """ Prefered languages for localization of results.
+    """

 
 

+    @classmethod
+    def from_kwargs(cls: Type[TParam], kwargs: Dict[str, Any]) -> TParam:
+        """ Load the data fields of the class from a dictionary.
+            Unknown entries in the dictionary are ignored, missing ones
+            get the default setting.

 
 

-class DataLayer(enum.Flag):
-    """ Layer types that can be selected for reverse and forward search.
+            The function supports type checking and throws a UsageError
+            when the value does not fit.
+        """
+        def _check_field(v: Any, field: 'dataclasses.Field[Any]') -> Any:
+            if v is None:
+                return field.default_factory() \
+                       if field.default_factory != dataclasses.MISSING \
+                       else field.default
+            if field.metadata and 'transform' in field.metadata:
+                return field.metadata['transform'](v)
+            if not isinstance(v, field.type):
+                raise UsageError(f"Parameter '{field.name}' needs to be of {field.type!s}.")
+            return v
+
+        return cls(**{f.name: _check_field(kwargs[f.name], f)
+                      for f in dataclasses.fields(cls) if f.name in kwargs})
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class ReverseDetails(LookupDetails):
+    """ Collection of parameters for the reverse call.

     """
     """

-    POI = enum.auto()
-    ADDRESS = enum.auto()
-    RAILWAY = enum.auto()
-    MANMADE = enum.auto()
-    NATURAL = enum.auto()
+    max_rank: int = dataclasses.field(default=30,
+                                      metadata={'transform': lambda v: max(0, min(v, 30))}
+                                     )
+    """ Highest address rank to return.
+    """
+    layers: DataLayer = DataLayer.ADDRESS | DataLayer.POI
+    """ Filter which kind of data to include.
+    """
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class SearchDetails(LookupDetails):
+    """ Collection of parameters for the search call.
+    """
+    max_results: int = 10
+    """ Maximum number of results to be returned. The actual number of results
+        may be less.
+    """
+    min_rank: int = dataclasses.field(default=0,
+                                      metadata={'transform': lambda v: max(0, min(v, 30))}
+                                     )
+    """ Lowest address rank to return.
+    """
+    max_rank: int = dataclasses.field(default=30,
+                                      metadata={'transform': lambda v: max(0, min(v, 30))}
+                                     )
+    """ Highest address rank to return.
+    """
+    layers: Optional[DataLayer] = dataclasses.field(default=None,
+                                                    metadata={'transform': lambda r : r})
+    """ Filter which kind of data to include. When 'None' (the default) then
+        filtering by layers is disabled.
+    """
+    countries: List[str] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list,
+                                             metadata={'transform': format_country})
+    """ Restrict search results to the given countries. An empty list (the
+        default) will disable this filter.
+    """
+    excluded: List[int] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list,
+                                            metadata={'transform': format_excluded})
+    """ List of OSM objects to exclude from the results. Currently only
+        works when the internal place ID is given.
+        An empty list (the default) will disable this filter.
+    """
+    viewbox: Optional[Bbox] = dataclasses.field(default=None,
+                                                metadata={'transform': Bbox.from_param})
+    """ Focus the search on a given map area.
+    """
+    bounded_viewbox: bool = False
+    """ Use 'viewbox' as a filter and restrict results to places within the
+        given area.
+    """
+    near: Optional[Point] = dataclasses.field(default=None,
+                                              metadata={'transform': Point.from_param})
+    """ Order results by distance to the given point.
+    """
+    near_radius: Optional[float] = dataclasses.field(default=None,
+                                              metadata={'transform': lambda r : r})
+    """ Use near point as a filter and drop results outside the given
+        radius. Radius is given in degrees WSG84.
+    """
+    categories: List[Tuple[str, str]] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list,
+                                                          metadata={'transform': format_categories})
+    """ Restrict search to places with one of the given class/type categories.
+        An empty list (the default) will disable this filter.
+    """
+    viewbox_x2: Optional[Bbox] = None
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        if self.viewbox is not None:
+            xext = (self.viewbox.maxlon - self.viewbox.minlon)/2
+            yext = (self.viewbox.maxlat - self.viewbox.minlat)/2
+            self.viewbox_x2 = Bbox(self.viewbox.minlon - xext, self.viewbox.minlat - yext,
+                                   self.viewbox.maxlon + xext, self.viewbox.maxlat + yext)
+
+
+    def restrict_min_max_rank(self, new_min: int, new_max: int) -> None:
+        """ Change the min_rank and max_rank fields to respect the
+            given boundaries.
+        """
+        assert new_min <= new_max
+        self.min_rank = max(self.min_rank, new_min)
+        self.max_rank = min(self.max_rank, new_max)
+
+
+    def is_impossible(self) -> bool:
+        """ Check if the parameter configuration is contradictionary and
+            cannot yield any results.
+        """
+        return (self.min_rank > self.max_rank
+                or (self.bounded_viewbox
+                    and self.viewbox is not None and self.near is not None
+                    and self.viewbox.contains(self.near))
+                or (self.layers is not None and not self.layers)
+                or (self.max_rank <= 4 and
+                    self.layers is not None and not self.layers & DataLayer.ADDRESS))
+
+
+    def layer_enabled(self, layer: DataLayer) -> bool:
+        """ Check if the given layer has been choosen. Also returns
+            true when layer restriction has been disabled completely.
+        """
+        return self.layers is None or bool(self.layers & layer)