Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

[nominatim.git] / docs / admin / Update.md

diff --git a/docs/admin/Update.md b/docs/admin/Update.md
index 4ddfc9de2cbda4c492cf415e0b6349aaf02c9c63..add1df5c453583a67651680153f71ad506f25afc 100644 (file)
--- a/docs/admin/Update.md
+++ b/docs/admin/Update.md
@@ -1,67 +1,223 @@
 # Updating the Database
 
 There are many different ways to update your Nominatim database.
 # Updating the Database
 
 There are many different ways to update your Nominatim database.

-The following section describes how to keep it up-to-date with Pyosmium.
-For a list of other methods see the output of `./utils/update.php --help`.
+The following section describes how to keep it up-to-date using
+an [online replication service for OpenStreetMap data](https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Planet.osm/diffs)
+For a list of other methods to add or update data see the output of
+`nominatim add-data --help`.

 
 !!! important
     If you have configured a flatnode file for the import, then you
     need to keep this flatnode file around for updates.
 
 
 !!! important
     If you have configured a flatnode file for the import, then you
     need to keep this flatnode file around for updates.
 

-#### Installing the newest version of Pyosmium
+### Installing the newest version of Pyosmium

 
 

-It is recommended to install Pyosmium via pip. Make sure to use python3.
+The replication process uses
+[Pyosmium](https://docs.osmcode.org/pyosmium/latest/updating_osm_data.html)
+to download update data from the server.
+It is recommended to install Pyosmium via pip.

 Run (as the same user who will later run the updates):
 
 ```sh
 pip3 install --user osmium
 ```
 
 Run (as the same user who will later run the updates):
 
 ```sh
 pip3 install --user osmium
 ```
 

-Nominatim needs a tool called `pyosmium-get-changes` which comes with
-Pyosmium. You need to tell Nominatim where to find it. Add the
-following line to your `settings/local.php`:
+### Setting up the update process

 
 

-    @define('CONST_Pyosmium_Binary', '/home/user/.local/bin/pyosmium-get-changes');
-
-The path above is fine if you used the `--user` parameter with pip.
-Replace `user` with your user name.
-
-#### Setting up the update process
-
-Next the update needs to be initialised. By default Nominatim is configured
+Next the update process needs to be initialised. By default Nominatim is configured

 to update using the global minutely diffs.
 
 If you want a different update source you will need to add some settings
 to update using the global minutely diffs.
 
 If you want a different update source you will need to add some settings

-to `settings/local.php`. For example, to use the daily country extracts
+to `.env`. For example, to use the daily country extracts

 diffs for Ireland from Geofabrik add the following:
 
 diffs for Ireland from Geofabrik add the following:
 

-    // base URL of the replication service
-    @define('CONST_Replication_Url', 'https://download.geofabrik.de/europe/ireland-and-northern-ireland-updates');
-    // How often upstream publishes diffs
-    @define('CONST_Replication_Update_Interval', '86400');
-    // How long to sleep if no update found yet
-    @define('CONST_Replication_Recheck_Interval', '900');
+    # base URL of the replication service
+    NOMINATIM_REPLICATION_URL="https://download.geofabrik.de/europe/ireland-and-northern-ireland-updates"
+    # How often upstream publishes diffs (in seconds)
+    NOMINATIM_REPLICATION_UPDATE_INTERVAL=86400
+    # How long to sleep if no update found yet (in seconds)
+    NOMINATIM_REPLICATION_RECHECK_INTERVAL=900

 
 To set up the update process now run the following command:
 
 
 To set up the update process now run the following command:
 

-    ./utils/update.php --init-updates
+    nominatim replication --init

 
 It outputs the date where updates will start. Recheck that this date is
 what you expect.
 
 
 It outputs the date where updates will start. Recheck that this date is
 what you expect.
 

-The `--init-updates` command needs to be rerun whenever the replication service
-is changed.
+The `replication --init` command needs to be rerun whenever the replication
+service is changed.
+
+### Updating Nominatim
+
+Nominatim supports different modes how to retrieve the update data from the
+server. Which one you want to use depends on your exact setup and how often you
+want to retrieve updates.
+
+These instructions are for using a single source of updates. If you have
+imported multiple country extracts and want to keep them
+up-to-date, [Advanced installations section](Advanced-Installations.md)
+contains instructions to set up and update multiple country extracts.
+
+#### Continuous updates
+
+This is the easiest mode. Simply run the replication command without any
+parameters:
+
+    nominatim replication
+
+The update application keeps running forever and retrieves and applies
+new updates from the server as they are published.
+
+You can run this command as a simple systemd service. Create a service
+description like that in `/etc/systemd/system/nominatim-updates.service`:
+
+```
+[Unit]
+Description=Continuous updates of Nominatim
+
+[Service]
+WorkingDirectory=/srv/nominatim
+ExecStart=nominatim replication
+StandardOutput=append:/var/log/nominatim-updates.log
+StandardError=append:/var/log/nominatim-updates.error.log
+User=nominatim
+Group=nominatim
+Type=simple
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+Replace the `WorkingDirectory` with your project directory. Also adapt user
+and group names as required.
+
+Now activate the service and start the updates:
+
+```
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+sudo systemctl enable nominatim-updates
+sudo systemctl start nominatim-updates
+```
+
+#### One-time mode
+
+When the `--once` parameter is given, then Nominatim will download exactly one
+batch of updates and then exit. This one-time mode still respects the
+`NOMINATIM_REPLICATION_UPDATE_INTERVAL` that you have set. If according to
+the update interval no new data has been published yet, it will go to sleep
+until the next expected update and only then attempt to download the next batch.

 
 

-#### Updating Nominatim
+The one-time mode is particularly useful if you want to run updates continuously
+but need to schedule other work in between updates. For example, the main
+service at osm.org uses it, to regularly recompute postcodes -- a process that
+must not be run while updates are in progress. Its update script
+looks like this:
+
+```sh
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Switch to your project directory.
+cd /srv/nominatim
+
+while true; do
+  nominatim replication --once
+  if [ -f "/srv/nominatim/schedule-maintenance" ]; then
+    rm /srv/nominatim/schedule-maintenance
+    nominatim refresh --postcodes
+  fi
+done
+```

 
 

-The following command will keep your database constantly up to date:
+A cron job then creates the file `/srv/nominatim/schedule-maintenance` once per night.

 
 

-    ./utils/update.php --import-osmosis-all
+##### One-time mode with systemd

 
 

-(Note that even though the old name "import-osmosis-all" has been kept for
-compatibility reasons, Osmosis is not required to run this - it uses pyosmium
-behind the scenes.)
+You can run the one-time mode with a systemd timer & service.
+
+Create a timer description like `/etc/systemd/system/nominatim-updates.timer`:
+
+```
+[Unit]
+Description=Timer to start updates of Nominatim
+
+[Timer]
+OnActiveSec=2
+OnUnitActiveSec=1min
+Unit=nominatim-updates.service
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+And then a similar service definition: `/etc/systemd/system/nominatim-updates.service`:
+
+```
+[Unit]
+Description=Single updates of Nominatim
+
+[Service]
+WorkingDirectory=/srv/nominatim
+ExecStart=nominatim replication --once
+StandardOutput=append:/var/log/nominatim-updates.log
+StandardError=append:/var/log/nominatim-updates.error.log
+User=nominatim
+Group=nominatim
+Type=simple
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+Replace the `WorkingDirectory` with your project directory. Also adapt user and
+group names as required. `OnUnitActiveSec` defines how often the individual
+update command is run.
+
+Now activate the service and start the updates:
+
+```
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+sudo systemctl enable nominatim-updates.timer
+sudo systemctl start nominatim-updates.timer
+```
+
+You can stop future data updates, while allowing any current, in-progress
+update steps to finish, by running `sudo systemctl stop
+nominatim-updates.timer` and waiting until `nominatim-updates.service` isn't
+running (`sudo systemctl is-active nominatim-updates.service`). Current output
+from the update can be seen like above (`systemctl status
+nominatim-updates.service`).
+
+
+#### Catch-up mode
+
+With the `--catch-up` parameter, Nominatim will immediately try to download
+all changes from the server until the database is up-to-date. The catch-up mode
+still respects the parameter `NOMINATIM_REPLICATION_MAX_DIFF`. It downloads and
+applies the changes in appropriate batches until all is done.
+
+The catch-up mode is foremost useful to bring the database up to speed after the
+initial import. Give that the service usually is not in production at this
+point, you can temporarily be a bit more generous with the batch size and
+number of threads you use for the updates by running catch-up like this:
+
+```
+cd /srv/nominatim
+NOMINATIM_REPLICATION_MAX_DIFF=5000 nominatim replication --catch-up --threads 15
+```

 
 

-If you have imported multiple country extracts and want to keep them
-up-to-date, [Advanced installations section](Advanced-Installations.md) contains instructions 
-to set up and update multiple country extracts.
+The catch-up mode is also useful when you want to apply updates at a lower
+frequency than what the source publishes. You can set up a cron job to run
+replication catch-up at whatever interval you desire.
+
+!!! hint
+    When running scheduled updates with catch-up, it is a good idea to choose
+    a replication source with an update frequency that is an order of magnitude
+    lower. For example, if you want to update once a day, use an hourly updated
+    source. This makes sure that you don't miss an entire day of updates when
+    the source is unexpectely late to publish its update.
+
+    If you want to use the source with the same update frequency (e.g. a daily
+    updated source with daily updates), use the
+    continuous update mode. It ensures to re-request the newest update until it
+    is published.