X-Git-Url: https://git.openstreetmap.org./rails.git/blobdiff_plain/06f3473d1c64d2e0a1ecc6f1a9c4679a52bc4761..e3ae690a006f4bf23eaedcd9817d0750ceeebc55:/README diff --git a/README b/README index b8e356925..70a915804 100644 --- a/README +++ b/README @@ -1,180 +1,5 @@ -== Welcome to Rails +Documentation +============= -Rails is a web-application and persistence framework that includes everything -needed to create database-backed web-applications according to the -Model-View-Control pattern of separation. This pattern splits the view (also -called the presentation) into "dumb" templates that are primarily responsible -for inserting pre-built data in between HTML tags. The model contains the -"smart" domain objects (such as Account, Product, Person, Post) that holds all -the business logic and knows how to persist themselves to a database. The -controller handles the incoming requests (such as Save New Account, Update -Product, Show Post) by manipulating the model and directing data to the view. +Try `rake doc:app` and see /doc/ -In Rails, the model is handled by what's called an object-relational mapping -layer entitled Active Record. This layer allows you to present the data from -database rows as objects and embellish these data objects with business logic -methods. You can read more about Active Record in -link:files/vendor/rails/activerecord/README.html. - -The controller and view are handled by the Action Pack, which handles both -layers by its two parts: Action View and Action Controller. These two layers -are bundled in a single package due to their heavy interdependence. This is -unlike the relationship between the Active Record and Action Pack that is much -more separate. Each of these packages can be used independently outside of -Rails. You can read more about Action Pack in -link:files/vendor/rails/actionpack/README.html. - - -== Getting started - -1. Start the web server: ruby script/server (run with --help for options) -2. Go to http://localhost:3000/ and get "Welcome aboard: You’re riding the Rails!" -3. Follow the guidelines to start developing your application - - -== Web servers - -Rails uses the built-in web server in Ruby called WEBrick by default, so you don't -have to install or configure anything to play around. - -If you have lighttpd installed, though, it'll be used instead when running script/server. -It's considerably faster than WEBrick and suited for production use, but requires additional -installation and currently only works well on OS X/Unix (Windows users are encouraged -to start with WEBrick). We recommend version 1.4.11 and higher. You can download it from -http://www.lighttpd.net. - -If you want something that's halfway between WEBrick and lighttpd, we heartily recommend -Mongrel. It's a Ruby-based web server with a C-component (so it requires compilation) that -also works very well with Windows. See more at http://mongrel.rubyforge.org/. - -But of course its also possible to run Rails with the premiere open source web server Apache. -To get decent performance, though, you'll need to install FastCGI. For Apache 1.3, you want -to use mod_fastcgi. For Apache 2.0+, you want to use mod_fcgid. - -See http://wiki.rubyonrails.com/rails/pages/FastCGI for more information on FastCGI. - -== Example for Apache conf - - - ServerName rails - DocumentRoot /path/application/public/ - ErrorLog /path/application/log/server.log - - - Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks - AllowOverride all - Allow from all - Order allow,deny - - - -NOTE: Be sure that CGIs can be executed in that directory as well. So ExecCGI -should be on and ".cgi" should respond. All requests from 127.0.0.1 go -through CGI, so no Apache restart is necessary for changes. All other requests -go through FCGI (or mod_ruby), which requires a restart to show changes. - - -== Debugging Rails - -Have "tail -f" commands running on both the server.log, production.log, and -test.log files. Rails will automatically display debugging and runtime -information to these files. Debugging info will also be shown in the browser -on requests from 127.0.0.1. - - -== Breakpoints - -Breakpoint support is available through the script/breakpointer client. This -means that you can break out of execution at any point in the code, investigate -and change the model, AND then resume execution! Example: - - class WeblogController < ActionController::Base - def index - @posts = Post.find_all - breakpoint "Breaking out from the list" - end - end - -So the controller will accept the action, run the first line, then present you -with a IRB prompt in the breakpointer window. Here you can do things like: - -Executing breakpoint "Breaking out from the list" at .../webrick_server.rb:16 in 'breakpoint' - - >> @posts.inspect - => "[#nil, \"body\"=>nil, \"id\"=>\"1\"}>, - #\"Rails you know!\", \"body\"=>\"Only ten..\", \"id\"=>\"2\"}>]" - >> @posts.first.title = "hello from a breakpoint" - => "hello from a breakpoint" - -...and even better is that you can examine how your runtime objects actually work: - - >> f = @posts.first - => #nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}> - >> f. - Display all 152 possibilities? (y or n) - -Finally, when you're ready to resume execution, you press CTRL-D - - -== Console - -You can interact with the domain model by starting the console through script/console. -Here you'll have all parts of the application configured, just like it is when the -application is running. You can inspect domain models, change values, and save to the -database. Starting the script without arguments will launch it in the development environment. -Passing an argument will specify a different environment, like script/console production. - - -== Description of contents - -app - Holds all the code that's specific to this particular application. - -app/controllers - Holds controllers that should be named like weblog_controller.rb for - automated URL mapping. All controllers should descend from - ActionController::Base. - -app/models - Holds models that should be named like post.rb. - Most models will descend from ActiveRecord::Base. - -app/views - Holds the template files for the view that should be named like - weblog/index.rhtml for the WeblogController#index action. All views use eRuby - syntax. This directory can also be used to keep stylesheets, images, and so on - that can be symlinked to public. - -app/helpers - Holds view helpers that should be named like weblog_helper.rb. - -app/apis - Holds API classes for web services. - -config - Configuration files for the Rails environment, the routing map, the database, and other dependencies. - -components - Self-contained mini-applications that can bundle together controllers, models, and views. - -db - Contains the database schema in schema.rb. db/migrate contains all - the sequence of Migrations for your schema. - -lib - Application specific libraries. Basically, any kind of custom code that doesn't - belong under controllers, models, or helpers. This directory is in the load path. - -public - The directory available for the web server. Contains subdirectories for images, stylesheets, - and javascripts. Also contains the dispatchers and the default HTML files. - -script - Helper scripts for automation and generation. - -test - Unit and functional tests along with fixtures. - -vendor - External libraries that the application depends on. Also includes the plugins subdirectory. - This directory is in the load path.