1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
3 # This file is part of Nominatim. (https://nominatim.org)
5 # Copyright (C) 2023 by the Nominatim developer community.
6 # For a full list of authors see the git log.
8 Implementation of query analysis for the ICU tokenizer.
10 from typing import Tuple, Dict, List, Optional, NamedTuple, Iterator, Any, cast
11 from collections import defaultdict
15 from icu import Transliterator
17 import sqlalchemy as sa
19 from nominatim.typing import SaRow
20 from nominatim.api.connection import SearchConnection
21 from nominatim.api.logging import log
22 from nominatim.api.search import query as qmod
23 from nominatim.api.search.query_analyzer_factory import AbstractQueryAnalyzer
24 from nominatim.db.sqlalchemy_types import Json
28 'W': qmod.TokenType.WORD,
29 'w': qmod.TokenType.PARTIAL,
30 'H': qmod.TokenType.HOUSENUMBER,
31 'P': qmod.TokenType.POSTCODE,
32 'C': qmod.TokenType.COUNTRY
36 class QueryPart(NamedTuple):
37 """ Normalized and transliterated form of a single term in the query.
38 When the term came out of a split during the transliteration,
39 the normalized string is the full word before transliteration.
40 The word number keeps track of the word before transliteration
41 and can be used to identify partial transliterated terms.
48 QueryParts = List[QueryPart]
49 WordDict = Dict[str, List[qmod.TokenRange]]
51 def yield_words(terms: List[QueryPart], start: int) -> Iterator[Tuple[str, qmod.TokenRange]]:
52 """ Return all combinations of words in the terms list after the
56 for first in range(start, total):
57 word = terms[first].token
58 yield word, qmod.TokenRange(first, first + 1)
59 for last in range(first + 1, min(first + 20, total)):
60 word = ' '.join((word, terms[last].token))
61 yield word, qmod.TokenRange(first, last + 1)
64 @dataclasses.dataclass
65 class ICUToken(qmod.Token):
66 """ Specialised token for ICU tokenizer.
69 info: Optional[Dict[str, Any]]
71 def get_category(self) -> Tuple[str, str]:
73 return self.info.get('class', ''), self.info.get('type', '')
76 def rematch(self, norm: str) -> None:
77 """ Check how well the token matches the given normalized string
78 and add a penalty, if necessary.
80 if not self.lookup_word:
83 seq = difflib.SequenceMatcher(a=self.lookup_word, b=norm)
85 for tag, afrom, ato, bfrom, bto in seq.get_opcodes():
86 if tag in ('delete', 'insert') and (afrom == 0 or ato == len(self.lookup_word)):
88 elif tag == 'replace':
89 distance += max((ato-afrom), (bto-bfrom))
91 distance += abs((ato-afrom) - (bto-bfrom))
92 self.penalty += (distance/len(self.lookup_word))
96 def from_db_row(row: SaRow) -> 'ICUToken':
97 """ Create a ICUToken from the row of the word table.
99 count = 1 if row.info is None else row.info.get('count', 1)
104 elif row.type == 'W':
105 if len(row.word_token) == 1 and row.word_token == row.word:
106 penalty = 0.2 if row.word.isdigit() else 0.3
107 elif row.type == 'H':
108 penalty = sum(0.1 for c in row.word_token if c != ' ' and not c.isdigit())
109 if all(not c.isdigit() for c in row.word_token):
110 penalty += 0.2 * (len(row.word_token) - 1)
111 elif row.type == 'C':
112 if len(row.word_token) == 1:
116 lookup_word = row.word
118 lookup_word = row.info.get('lookup', row.word)
120 lookup_word = lookup_word.split('@', 1)[0]
122 lookup_word = row.word_token
124 return ICUToken(penalty=penalty, token=row.word_id, count=count,
125 lookup_word=lookup_word, is_indexed=True,
126 word_token=row.word_token, info=row.info)
130 class ICUQueryAnalyzer(AbstractQueryAnalyzer):
131 """ Converter for query strings into a tokenized query
132 using the tokens created by a ICU tokenizer.
135 def __init__(self, conn: SearchConnection) -> None:
139 async def setup(self) -> None:
140 """ Set up static data structures needed for the analysis.
142 async def _make_normalizer() -> Any:
143 rules = await self.conn.get_property('tokenizer_import_normalisation')
144 return Transliterator.createFromRules("normalization", rules)
146 self.normalizer = await self.conn.get_cached_value('ICUTOK', 'normalizer',
149 async def _make_transliterator() -> Any:
150 rules = await self.conn.get_property('tokenizer_import_transliteration')
151 return Transliterator.createFromRules("transliteration", rules)
153 self.transliterator = await self.conn.get_cached_value('ICUTOK', 'transliterator',
154 _make_transliterator)
156 if 'word' not in self.conn.t.meta.tables:
157 sa.Table('word', self.conn.t.meta,
158 sa.Column('word_id', sa.Integer),
159 sa.Column('word_token', sa.Text, nullable=False),
160 sa.Column('type', sa.Text, nullable=False),
161 sa.Column('word', sa.Text),
162 sa.Column('info', Json))
165 async def analyze_query(self, phrases: List[qmod.Phrase]) -> qmod.QueryStruct:
166 """ Analyze the given list of phrases and return the
169 log().section('Analyze query (using ICU tokenizer)')
170 normalized = list(filter(lambda p: p.text,
171 (qmod.Phrase(p.ptype, self.normalize_text(p.text))
173 query = qmod.QueryStruct(normalized)
174 log().var_dump('Normalized query', query.source)
178 parts, words = self.split_query(query)
179 log().var_dump('Transliterated query', lambda: _dump_transliterated(query, parts))
181 for row in await self.lookup_in_db(list(words.keys())):
182 for trange in words[row.word_token]:
183 token = ICUToken.from_db_row(row)
185 if row.info['op'] in ('in', 'near'):
186 if trange.start == 0:
187 query.add_token(trange, qmod.TokenType.NEAR_ITEM, token)
189 if trange.start == 0 and trange.end == query.num_token_slots():
190 query.add_token(trange, qmod.TokenType.NEAR_ITEM, token)
192 query.add_token(trange, qmod.TokenType.QUALIFIER, token)
194 query.add_token(trange, DB_TO_TOKEN_TYPE[row.type], token)
196 self.add_extra_tokens(query, parts)
197 self.rerank_tokens(query, parts)
199 log().table_dump('Word tokens', _dump_word_tokens(query))
204 def normalize_text(self, text: str) -> str:
205 """ Bring the given text into a normalized form. That is the
206 standardized form search will work with. All information removed
207 at this stage is inevitably lost.
209 norm = cast(str, self.normalizer.transliterate(text))
210 numspaces = norm.count(' ')
211 if numspaces > 4 and len(norm) <= (numspaces + 1) * 3:
217 def split_query(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct) -> Tuple[QueryParts, WordDict]:
218 """ Transliterate the phrases and split them into tokens.
220 Returns the list of transliterated tokens together with their
221 normalized form and a dictionary of words for lookup together
224 parts: QueryParts = []
226 words = defaultdict(list)
228 for phrase in query.source:
229 query.nodes[-1].ptype = phrase.ptype
230 for word in phrase.text.split(' '):
231 trans = self.transliterator.transliterate(word)
233 for term in trans.split(' '):
235 parts.append(QueryPart(term, word, wordnr))
236 query.add_node(qmod.BreakType.TOKEN, phrase.ptype)
237 query.nodes[-1].btype = qmod.BreakType.WORD
239 query.nodes[-1].btype = qmod.BreakType.PHRASE
241 for word, wrange in yield_words(parts, phrase_start):
242 words[word].append(wrange)
244 phrase_start = len(parts)
245 query.nodes[-1].btype = qmod.BreakType.END
250 async def lookup_in_db(self, words: List[str]) -> 'sa.Result[Any]':
251 """ Return the token information from the database for the
254 t = self.conn.t.meta.tables['word']
255 return await self.conn.execute(t.select().where(t.c.word_token.in_(words)))
258 def add_extra_tokens(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct, parts: QueryParts) -> None:
259 """ Add tokens to query that are not saved in the database.
261 for part, node, i in zip(parts, query.nodes, range(1000)):
262 if len(part.token) <= 4 and part[0].isdigit()\
263 and not node.has_tokens(i+1, qmod.TokenType.HOUSENUMBER):
264 query.add_token(qmod.TokenRange(i, i+1), qmod.TokenType.HOUSENUMBER,
265 ICUToken(0.5, 0, 1, part.token, True, part.token, None))
268 def rerank_tokens(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct, parts: QueryParts) -> None:
269 """ Add penalties to tokens that depend on presence of other token.
271 for i, node, tlist in query.iter_token_lists():
272 if tlist.ttype == qmod.TokenType.POSTCODE:
273 for repl in node.starting:
274 if repl.end == tlist.end and repl.ttype != qmod.TokenType.POSTCODE \
275 and (repl.ttype != qmod.TokenType.HOUSENUMBER
276 or len(tlist.tokens[0].lookup_word) > 4):
277 repl.add_penalty(0.39)
278 elif tlist.ttype == qmod.TokenType.HOUSENUMBER \
279 and len(tlist.tokens[0].lookup_word) <= 3:
280 if any(c.isdigit() for c in tlist.tokens[0].lookup_word):
281 for repl in node.starting:
282 if repl.end == tlist.end and repl.ttype != qmod.TokenType.HOUSENUMBER:
283 repl.add_penalty(0.5 - tlist.tokens[0].penalty)
284 elif tlist.ttype not in (qmod.TokenType.COUNTRY, qmod.TokenType.PARTIAL):
285 norm = parts[i].normalized
286 for j in range(i + 1, tlist.end):
287 if parts[j - 1].word_number != parts[j].word_number:
288 norm += ' ' + parts[j].normalized
289 for token in tlist.tokens:
290 cast(ICUToken, token).rematch(norm)
293 def _dump_transliterated(query: qmod.QueryStruct, parts: QueryParts) -> str:
294 out = query.nodes[0].btype.value
295 for node, part in zip(query.nodes[1:], parts):
296 out += part.token + node.btype.value
300 def _dump_word_tokens(query: qmod.QueryStruct) -> Iterator[List[Any]]:
301 yield ['type', 'token', 'word_token', 'lookup_word', 'penalty', 'count', 'info']
302 for node in query.nodes:
303 for tlist in node.starting:
304 for token in tlist.tokens:
305 t = cast(ICUToken, token)
306 yield [tlist.ttype.name, t.token, t.word_token or '',
307 t.lookup_word or '', t.penalty, t.count, t.info]
310 async def create_query_analyzer(conn: SearchConnection) -> AbstractQueryAnalyzer:
311 """ Create and set up a new query analyzer for a database based
312 on the ICU tokenizer.
314 out = ICUQueryAnalyzer(conn)