2 Tokenizer implementing normalisation as used before Nominatim 4.
4 from collections import OrderedDict
8 from textwrap import dedent
10 from icu import Transliterator
12 import psycopg2.extras
14 from nominatim.db.connection import connect
15 from nominatim.db import properties
16 from nominatim.db import utils as db_utils
17 from nominatim.db.sql_preprocessor import SQLPreprocessor
18 from nominatim.errors import UsageError
20 DBCFG_NORMALIZATION = "tokenizer_normalization"
21 DBCFG_MAXWORDFREQ = "tokenizer_maxwordfreq"
23 LOG = logging.getLogger()
25 def create(dsn, data_dir):
26 """ Create a new instance of the tokenizer provided by this module.
28 return LegacyTokenizer(dsn, data_dir)
31 def _install_module(config_module_path, src_dir, module_dir):
32 """ Copies the PostgreSQL normalisation module into the project
33 directory if necessary. For historical reasons the module is
34 saved in the '/module' subdirectory and not with the other tokenizer
37 The function detects when the installation is run from the
38 build directory. It doesn't touch the module in that case.
40 # Custom module locations are simply used as is.
41 if config_module_path:
42 LOG.info("Using custom path for database module at '%s'", config_module_path)
43 return config_module_path
45 # Compatibility mode for builddir installations.
46 if module_dir.exists() and src_dir.samefile(module_dir):
47 LOG.info('Running from build directory. Leaving database module as is.')
50 # In any other case install the module in the project directory.
51 if not module_dir.exists():
54 destfile = module_dir / 'nominatim.so'
55 shutil.copy(str(src_dir / 'nominatim.so'), str(destfile))
58 LOG.info('Database module installed at %s', str(destfile))
63 def _check_module(module_dir, conn):
64 """ Try to use the PostgreSQL module to confirm that it is correctly
65 installed and accessible from PostgreSQL.
67 with conn.cursor() as cur:
69 cur.execute("""CREATE FUNCTION nominatim_test_import_func(text)
70 RETURNS text AS '{}/nominatim.so', 'transliteration'
71 LANGUAGE c IMMUTABLE STRICT;
72 DROP FUNCTION nominatim_test_import_func(text)
73 """.format(module_dir))
74 except psycopg2.DatabaseError as err:
75 LOG.fatal("Error accessing database module: %s", err)
76 raise UsageError("Database module cannot be accessed.") from err
79 class LegacyTokenizer:
80 """ The legacy tokenizer uses a special PostgreSQL module to normalize
81 names and queries. The tokenizer thus implements normalization through
82 calls to the database.
85 def __init__(self, dsn, data_dir):
87 self.data_dir = data_dir
88 self.normalization = None
91 def init_new_db(self, config, init_db=True):
92 """ Set up a new tokenizer for the database.
94 This copies all necessary data in the project directory to make
95 sure the tokenizer remains stable even over updates.
97 module_dir = _install_module(config.DATABASE_MODULE_PATH,
98 config.lib_dir.module,
99 config.project_dir / 'module')
101 self.normalization = config.TERM_NORMALIZATION
103 self._install_php(config)
105 with connect(self.dsn) as conn:
106 _check_module(module_dir, conn)
107 self._save_config(conn, config)
111 self.update_sql_functions(config)
112 self._init_db_tables(config)
115 def init_from_project(self):
116 """ Initialise the tokenizer from the project directory.
118 with connect(self.dsn) as conn:
119 self.normalization = properties.get_property(conn, DBCFG_NORMALIZATION)
122 def finalize_import(self, config):
123 """ Do any required postprocessing to make the tokenizer data ready
126 with connect(self.dsn) as conn:
127 sqlp = SQLPreprocessor(conn, config)
128 sqlp.run_sql_file(conn, 'tokenizer/legacy_tokenizer_indices.sql')
131 def update_sql_functions(self, config):
132 """ Reimport the SQL functions for this tokenizer.
134 with connect(self.dsn) as conn:
135 max_word_freq = properties.get_property(conn, DBCFG_MAXWORDFREQ)
136 modulepath = config.DATABASE_MODULE_PATH or \
137 str((config.project_dir / 'module').resolve())
138 sqlp = SQLPreprocessor(conn, config)
139 sqlp.run_sql_file(conn, 'tokenizer/legacy_tokenizer.sql',
140 max_word_freq=max_word_freq,
141 modulepath=modulepath)
144 def check_database(self):
145 """ Check that the tokenizer is set up correctly.
148 The Postgresql extension nominatim.so was not correctly loaded.
153 * Check the output of the CMmake/make installation step
154 * Does nominatim.so exist?
155 * Does nominatim.so exist on the database server?
156 * Can nominatim.so be accessed by the database user?
158 with connect(self.dsn) as conn:
159 with conn.cursor() as cur:
161 out = cur.scalar("SELECT make_standard_name('a')")
162 except psycopg2.Error as err:
163 return hint.format(error=str(err))
166 return hint.format(error='Unexpected result for make_standard_name()')
171 def migrate_database(self, config):
172 """ Initialise the project directory of an existing database for
173 use with this tokenizer.
175 This is a special migration function for updating existing databases
176 to new software versions.
178 self.normalization = config.TERM_NORMALIZATION
179 module_dir = _install_module(config.DATABASE_MODULE_PATH,
180 config.lib_dir.module,
181 config.project_dir / 'module')
183 with connect(self.dsn) as conn:
184 _check_module(module_dir, conn)
185 self._save_config(conn, config)
188 def name_analyzer(self):
189 """ Create a new analyzer for tokenizing names and queries
190 using this tokinzer. Analyzers are context managers and should
194 with tokenizer.name_analyzer() as analyzer:
198 When used outside the with construct, the caller must ensure to
199 call the close() function before destructing the analyzer.
201 Analyzers are not thread-safe. You need to instantiate one per thread.
203 normalizer = Transliterator.createFromRules("phrase normalizer",
205 return LegacyNameAnalyzer(self.dsn, normalizer)
208 def _install_php(self, config):
209 """ Install the php script for the tokenizer.
211 php_file = self.data_dir / "tokenizer.php"
212 php_file.write_text(dedent("""\
214 @define('CONST_Max_Word_Frequency', {0.MAX_WORD_FREQUENCY});
215 @define('CONST_Term_Normalization_Rules', "{0.TERM_NORMALIZATION}");
216 require_once('{0.lib_dir.php}/tokenizer/legacy_tokenizer.php');
220 def _init_db_tables(self, config):
221 """ Set up the word table and fill it with pre-computed word
224 with connect(self.dsn) as conn:
225 sqlp = SQLPreprocessor(conn, config)
226 sqlp.run_sql_file(conn, 'tokenizer/legacy_tokenizer_tables.sql')
229 LOG.warning("Precomputing word tokens")
230 db_utils.execute_file(self.dsn, config.lib_dir.data / 'words.sql')
233 def _save_config(self, conn, config):
234 """ Save the configuration that needs to remain stable for the given
235 database as database properties.
237 properties.set_property(conn, DBCFG_NORMALIZATION, self.normalization)
238 properties.set_property(conn, DBCFG_MAXWORDFREQ, config.MAX_WORD_FREQUENCY)
241 class LegacyNameAnalyzer:
242 """ The legacy analyzer uses the special Postgresql module for
245 Each instance opens a connection to the database to request the
249 def __init__(self, dsn, normalizer):
250 self.conn = connect(dsn).connection
251 self.conn.autocommit = True
252 self.normalizer = normalizer
253 psycopg2.extras.register_hstore(self.conn)
255 self._cache = _TokenCache(self.conn)
262 def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
267 """ Free all resources used by the analyzer.
274 def get_word_token_info(self, words):
275 """ Return token information for the given list of words.
276 If a word starts with # it is assumed to be a full name
277 otherwise is a partial name.
279 The function returns a list of tuples with
280 (original word, word token, word id).
282 The function is used for testing and debugging only
283 and not necessarily efficient.
285 with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
286 cur.execute("""SELECT t.term, word_token, word_id
287 FROM word, (SELECT unnest(%s::TEXT[]) as term) t
288 WHERE word_token = (CASE
289 WHEN left(t.term, 1) = '#' THEN
290 ' ' || make_standard_name(substring(t.term from 2))
292 make_standard_name(t.term)
294 and class is null and country_code is null""",
297 return [(r[0], r[1], r[2]) for r in cur]
300 def normalize(self, phrase):
301 """ Normalize the given phrase, i.e. remove all properties that
302 are irrelevant for search.
304 return self.normalizer.transliterate(phrase)
308 def normalize_postcode(postcode):
309 """ Convert the postcode to a standardized form.
311 This function must yield exactly the same result as the SQL function
312 'token_normalized_postcode()'.
314 return postcode.strip().upper()
317 def update_postcodes_from_db(self):
318 """ Update postcode tokens in the word table from the location_postcode
321 with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
322 # This finds us the rows in location_postcode and word that are
323 # missing in the other table.
324 cur.execute("""SELECT * FROM
325 (SELECT pc, word FROM
326 (SELECT distinct(postcode) as pc FROM location_postcode) p
328 (SELECT word FROM word
329 WHERE class ='place' and type = 'postcode') w
331 WHERE pc is null or word is null""")
336 for postcode, word in cur:
338 to_delete.append(word)
340 to_add.append(postcode)
343 cur.execute("""DELETE FROM WORD
344 WHERE class ='place' and type = 'postcode'
348 cur.execute("""SELECT count(create_postcode_id(pc))
349 FROM unnest(%s) as pc
354 def update_special_phrases(self, phrases, should_replace):
355 """ Replace the search index for special phrases with the new phrases.
357 norm_phrases = set(((self.normalize(p[0]), p[1], p[2], p[3])
360 with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
361 # Get the old phrases.
362 existing_phrases = set()
363 cur.execute("""SELECT word, class, type, operator FROM word
364 WHERE class != 'place'
365 OR (type != 'house' AND type != 'postcode')""")
366 for label, cls, typ, oper in cur:
367 existing_phrases.add((label, cls, typ, oper or '-'))
369 to_add = norm_phrases - existing_phrases
370 to_delete = existing_phrases - norm_phrases
373 psycopg2.extras.execute_values(
375 """ INSERT INTO word (word_id, word_token, word, class, type,
376 search_name_count, operator)
377 (SELECT nextval('seq_word'), ' ' || make_standard_name(name), name,
379 CASE WHEN op in ('in', 'near') THEN op ELSE null END
380 FROM (VALUES %s) as v(name, class, type, op))""",
383 if to_delete and should_replace:
384 psycopg2.extras.execute_values(
386 """ DELETE FROM word USING (VALUES %s) as v(name, in_class, in_type, op)
387 WHERE word = name and class = in_class and type = in_type
388 and ((op = '-' and operator is null) or op = operator)""",
391 LOG.info("Total phrases: %s. Added: %s. Deleted: %s",
392 len(norm_phrases), len(to_add), len(to_delete))
395 def add_country_names(self, country_code, names):
396 """ Add names for the given country to the search index.
398 with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
400 """INSERT INTO word (word_id, word_token, country_code)
401 (SELECT nextval('seq_word'), lookup_token, %s
402 FROM (SELECT DISTINCT ' ' || make_standard_name(n) as lookup_token
404 WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM word
405 WHERE word_token = lookup_token and country_code = %s))
406 """, (country_code, list(names.values()), country_code))
409 def process_place(self, place):
410 """ Determine tokenizer information about the given place.
412 Returns a JSON-serialisable structure that will be handed into
413 the database via the token_info field.
415 token_info = _TokenInfo(self._cache)
417 names = place.get('name')
420 token_info.add_names(self.conn, names)
422 country_feature = place.get('country_feature')
423 if country_feature and re.fullmatch(r'[A-Za-z][A-Za-z]', country_feature):
424 self.add_country_names(country_feature.lower(), names)
426 address = place.get('address')
431 for key, value in address.items():
432 if key == 'postcode':
433 self._add_postcode(value)
434 elif key in ('housenumber', 'streetnumber', 'conscriptionnumber'):
436 elif key == 'street':
437 token_info.add_street(self.conn, value)
439 token_info.add_place(self.conn, value)
440 elif not key.startswith('_') and \
441 key not in ('country', 'full'):
442 addr_terms.append((key, value))
445 token_info.add_housenumbers(self.conn, hnrs)
448 token_info.add_address_terms(self.conn, addr_terms)
450 return token_info.data
453 def _add_postcode(self, postcode):
454 """ Make sure the normalized postcode is present in the word table.
456 if re.search(r'[:,;]', postcode) is None:
457 self._cache.add_postcode(self.conn, self.normalize_postcode(postcode))
461 """ Collect token information to be sent back to the database.
463 def __init__(self, cache):
468 def add_names(self, conn, names):
469 """ Add token information for the names of the place.
471 with conn.cursor() as cur:
472 # Create the token IDs for all names.
473 self.data['names'] = cur.scalar("SELECT make_keywords(%s)::text",
477 def add_housenumbers(self, conn, hnrs):
478 """ Extract housenumber information from the address.
481 token = self.cache.get_housenumber(hnrs[0])
482 if token is not None:
483 self.data['hnr_tokens'] = token
484 self.data['hnr'] = hnrs[0]
487 # split numbers if necessary
490 simple_list.extend((x.strip() for x in re.split(r'[;,]', hnr)))
492 if len(simple_list) > 1:
493 simple_list = list(set(simple_list))
495 with conn.cursor() as cur:
496 cur.execute("SELECT (create_housenumbers(%s)).* ", (simple_list, ))
497 self.data['hnr_tokens'], self.data['hnr'] = cur.fetchone()
500 def add_street(self, conn, street):
501 """ Add addr:street match terms.
503 def _get_street(name):
504 with conn.cursor() as cur:
505 return cur.scalar("SELECT word_ids_from_name(%s)::text", (name, ))
507 self.data['street'] = self.cache.streets.get(street, _get_street)
510 def add_place(self, conn, place):
511 """ Add addr:place search and match terms.
513 def _get_place(name):
514 with conn.cursor() as cur:
515 cur.execute("""SELECT make_keywords(hstore('name' , %s))::text,
516 word_ids_from_name(%s)::text""",
518 return cur.fetchone()
520 self.data['place_search'], self.data['place_match'] = \
521 self.cache.places.get(place, _get_place)
524 def add_address_terms(self, conn, terms):
525 """ Add additional address terms.
527 def _get_address_term(name):
528 with conn.cursor() as cur:
529 cur.execute("""SELECT addr_ids_from_name(%s)::text,
530 word_ids_from_name(%s)::text""",
532 return cur.fetchone()
535 for key, value in terms:
536 tokens[key] = self.cache.address_terms.get(value, _get_address_term)
538 self.data['addr'] = tokens
542 """ Least recently used cache that accepts a generator function to
543 produce the item when there is a cache miss.
546 def __init__(self, maxsize=128, init_data=None):
547 self.data = init_data or OrderedDict()
548 self.maxsize = maxsize
549 if init_data is not None and len(init_data) > maxsize:
550 self.maxsize = len(init_data)
552 def get(self, key, generator):
553 """ Get the item with the given key from the cache. If nothing
554 is found in the cache, generate the value through the
555 generator function and store it in the cache.
557 value = self.data.get(key)
558 if value is not None:
559 self.data.move_to_end(key)
561 value = generator(key)
562 if len(self.data) >= self.maxsize:
563 self.data.popitem(last=False)
564 self.data[key] = value
570 """ Cache for token information to avoid repeated database queries.
572 This cache is not thread-safe and needs to be instantiated per
575 def __init__(self, conn):
577 self.streets = _LRU(maxsize=256)
578 self.places = _LRU(maxsize=128)
579 self.address_terms = _LRU(maxsize=1024)
581 # Lookup houseunumbers up to 100 and cache them
582 with conn.cursor() as cur:
583 cur.execute("""SELECT i, ARRAY[getorcreate_housenumber_id(i::text)]::text
584 FROM generate_series(1, 100) as i""")
585 self._cached_housenumbers = {str(r[0]) : r[1] for r in cur}
587 # For postcodes remember the ones that have already been added
588 self.postcodes = set()
590 def get_housenumber(self, number):
591 """ Get a housenumber token from the cache.
593 return self._cached_housenumbers.get(number)
596 def add_postcode(self, conn, postcode):
597 """ Make sure the given postcode is in the database.
599 if postcode not in self.postcodes:
600 with conn.cursor() as cur:
601 cur.execute('SELECT create_postcode_id(%s)', (postcode, ))
602 self.postcodes.add(postcode)